63 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



University College. The university itself was only a Senate, a legisla- 

 tive and examining body. The really active and controlling element in 

 this senate was the faculty and graduates of University College. 

 University College was in reality thus the university. The faculty of 

 University College was still largely the former faculty of King's Col- 

 lege. King's College had been the sectarian rival of Victoria and 

 Queen's; and to this heritage of rivalry, University College unfortu- 

 nately though naturally succeeded. In one way only could this have 

 been prevented, viz., by a strong and persistent effort to bring the two 

 outside colleges into the common unity of the universit}^ Such an 

 effort was not made, and possibly such a result was not desired by the 

 majority of the members of the new senate. On the other hand Victoria 

 and Queen's, situated, the one seventy and the other one hundred and 

 sixty miles from the university centre, were not attracted towards a body 

 from which they were thus geographically severed. Nor had they any 

 large interest in the proffered connection. They were offered the com- 

 mon degree and scholarships; but their natural pride led them to be- 

 lieve that their own degree M'as as good as the one offered, and, while 

 the large scholarships might have benefited their students, the condi- 

 tions were not tempting. There were no provisions for local examina- 

 tions. The -examiners Avere largely if not entirely the professors of a 

 rival college, a disadvantage which, however highly they might ;ap- 

 preciate the honour and justice of the examiners, could not be entirely 

 overcome. After four years' experience of affiliation, the attendance 

 of the heads of the outside colleges at the meetings of the Senate began 

 to diminish. None of their students had presented themselves for 

 degrees or scholarships or even as candidates for examination. There 

 had been no surplus from the provincial endowment from which they 

 could hope for aid to improve the facilities for the instruction of their 

 students. At this time the numbers of undergraduates in Arts of the 

 several colleges stood as follows: — University College, 63; Trinity, 41; 

 Victoria, 33 ; and Queen's, about the same number. Thus out of about 

 170 matriculated students in the province of Canada West, sixty-three 

 were pursuing their studies in the provincial university and one hundred 

 and seven in the outlying colleges. 



The natural consequences of such a state of affairs were not long in 

 making their appearance. The state university was well endowed out 

 of public funds, and had an advantage over the rival colleges in its 

 scholarships of the value of $120 each, of which it offered no less than 

 sixty-one each year. Its annual expenditure was about $40,000, thai 

 of its rivals less than $10,000 each. The feeling aroused by the com- 

 parison was l>y no means creditable to the country or to the parties con- 



