S8 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



Around this centre of general education and culture are gathered 

 the professional faculties and schools. The professional faculties are 

 two in number ; medicine and applied science and engineering. 



The professional schools federated or affiliated with the university 

 are thirteen: — viz., iive in theology, two in music, one each in law, 

 pedagogy, agriculture, dentistry, pharmacy and veterinary surgery. The 

 way is also being prepared for the admission of other branches of applied 

 science such as household science, forestry and commerce, either as 

 affiliated schools or as departmental courses in the university. 



Finally in this common work federation has made the state, the 

 Christian churches, and private enterprise and liberality all mutually 

 helpful to each other on sound principles of mutual independence. Pub- 

 iic funds have very largely provided for the Central University, Uni- 

 versity College and the School of Practical Science at an outlay of over 

 $4,000,000 on capital account and an annual expenditure of about 

 $180,000. 



Professional enterprise maintains the faculty of medicine at an 

 annual cost of $64,000, The agricultural and normal colleges are main- 

 tained by the state at an annual expenditure of nearly $100,000. The 

 other affiliated professional schools are all the result of private or pro- 

 fessional enterprise and have involved a capital outlay of about $300,000. 

 The other colleges and theological schools are the creation of the 

 ehurches and represent in capital over $3,000,000 and an annual expen- 

 diture of over $10.0,000. 



The University of Toronto on the federation principle represents 

 to the people of Ontario a combined capital of over $7,000,000, and an 

 annual expenditure of nearly $500,000 for the higher education of 

 over 3,000 students drawn from all parts of the country and Dominion, 

 and even from China, Japan, India and Africa, and from Newfoundland 

 and the West Indies. 



The value of the work which is thus being done for the country 

 needs only to be known to receive its proper appreciation. The com- 

 plexity of our modern civilization requires that every nation claiming a 

 place in the front rank of a modern progress shall be furnished with a 

 sufficient supply of skilled men in all the special departments of human 

 industry, and fliat in each case skill shall be based not only on experience 

 but also on scientific knowledge. AVe need to-day not only a high aver- 

 age 0Î intelligence among the whole people; but also the highest special 

 perfection in the several arts and sciences. The lack of this will surely 

 condemn us to inferiority and ultimate defeat in the race of interna- 

 tional competition. The university becomes from this point of view the 

 very vital centre of the life of the state and no price can be too great to 

 pay for its highest perfection. 



