[ells] interesting PROBLEMS IN NEW BRUNSWICK GEOLOGY 29 



lished from the examination of large collections of plant remains made 

 at Perry, Maine, and on the peninsula of St. Andrews. The beds con- 

 sist of a coarse conglomerate at the base, which rests upon the flanks 

 of the felsite mountains at a number of points. It is largely made up 

 of their debris, and passes upward into a great series of shales, sand- 

 stone and other conglomerates, the former containing plant impressions. 

 Dykes of green diabase cut the strata about two miles north of St. 

 Andrews point, and extend across the peninsula, reappearing at 

 Ministers island. This diabase is clearly intrusive, altering the shales 

 in contact. The beds as a whole are but little disturbed, the dips being 

 rarely over 25 degrees, and this dip is fairly constant south from Cham- 

 cook mountain to the end of St. Andrews point, thus giving a thickness 

 of not much under 7,000 feet for these rocks. 



In the report for 1870-71, the Perry group was assigned, by Bailey 

 and Matthew, chiefly on lithological grounds, to the lower Carboniferous, 

 from the resemblance of these rocks to certain conglomerates and sand- 

 stones which are exposed on the shores of Kennebecasis bay, an arm^ 

 of the St. John river, a few miles north of St. John city. In view of 

 the clearly Devonian aspect of the fossils of the group, it would appear 

 that this change in nomenclature was entirely unwarranted. The for- 

 mation, as a whole, is clearly distinct from the recognized lower Car- 

 boniferous of the central basin, and has a much greater thickness than 

 can be assigned to the rocks of that formation in any part of the pro- 

 vince. The weight of evidence is therefore greatly in favour of their 

 Devonian age, and they ha.ve been referred back to their original position. 

 It is, however, by no means clear that the Kennebecasis conglomerate is 

 lower Carboniferous. Farther east, on the shore of Albert county, 

 are large masses of hard and coarse conglomerate, which, while regarded 

 as lower Carboniferous at the date of their examination in 1877, are now 

 generally conceded to be Devonian, since they are unconformably beneath 

 the lower Carboniferous limestone division. 



These Perry rocks are the newest in the geological scale in this part 

 of Charlotte county, but on the northern boundary the lower Car- 

 boniferous portion of the Central basin is exposed for a short distance. 



Since writing this paper the Devonian age of the Perry group has 

 been clearly confirmed on the evidence of fossil plants, which have been 

 studied by Messrs. White and Smith, of the United States Geological 

 Survey, th? results of their study being published in the official bulletin 

 of that Department, 1905. 



The rocks of Grand Manan island, which is the most southern por- 

 tion of the province of New Brunswick, differ from those of the main 

 land in some respects. They are divisible into two parts, viz., the 



