6 U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 



Salmon culture — Continued. Page. 



Columbia River and trilnitaries 233 



Washington 237 



British Columbia 244 



Alaska 247 



The salmon fisheries of Siberia 253 



Species of salmon 254 



Fishing districts 254 



Fishery rights and regulations 255 



Apparatus employed 257 



Abundance of salmon 258 



Freezing salmon 259 



Canning salmon 260 



Salting salmon 263 



The salmon fisheries of Japan 265 



Canning industry 266 



Fishery methods 267 



Fish culture 268 



INTRODUCTION. 



The most valuable commercial fisheries in the world, excepting 

 only the oyster and herring fisheries, are those supported by the sahn- 

 ons. Of these the most important by far are the salmon fisheries 

 of the Pacific coast of North America, where California, Oregon, 

 Washington, and Alaska, including also British Columbia, possess 

 industries representing millions of dollars of investment and millions 

 of output annually. In wSiberia the fishery is increasing in impor- 

 tance amiually as means of transportation become better, while Japan 

 is also becoming a large factor in the salmon markets of the world 

 through her investments in the salmon fisheries of Siberia and, to a 

 lesser extent, through fisheries prosecuted in her own waters. 



In this third edition of the report '' considerable new material has 

 been added, while some chapters have been entirely remodeled aud 

 materially enlarged. The statistical data have been brought up to 

 January 1, 1020. The author is indebted to the Pacific Fisherman, 

 of Seattle, Wash., for certain illustrations and to George C. Teal for 

 permission to use his copyrighted picture shown as figure 11. Most 

 of the illustrations are from pictures taken by the author. 



THE SPECIES OF SALMON AND THE RUNS. 



The Pacific coast salmons are all included in the genus Oncorhyn- 

 chus. With them the fishermen incorrectly class the steelhead trout, 

 which really belongs to the closely related genus Salnio. 



As long ago as 1731 the species of Oncorhynchus were first made 

 known by Steller, who, almost simultaneously with Krascheninikov, 

 another early investigator, distinguished them with perfect accuracy 

 under their Russian vernacuhir names. In 1792 Walbaum adopted 

 these vernacular names in a scientific nomenclature for these fishes, 



a First edition: The Salmon Fisheries of the Pacific Coast. By John N.Cobb. U.S.Bureau of Fisheries 

 Document No. 7.51, ISO i)p. WasliinKtoD, 19n. 



Second edition: i'acific Salmon Fisheries. By John N. Cobb. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries Document 

 No. 839, Appendix III, Report, U. S. Commissioner of Fisheries, 1916, 255 pp., 29 pis. Washington, 1917. 



