PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES. 9 



(Alaska) run. This species usually enters streams with accessible 

 lakes in their courses. 



These fish are occasionally found landlocked in certain lakes, 

 especially in the State of Washington, and are always much smaller 

 in size than the sea-run fish. In Bumping Lake, near North Yakima, 

 Wash., they are quite abundant and are mature when about a pound 

 in weight. Despite the fact that these fish have a soft mouth, anglers 

 consider them very gamey. They take bait, the fly, and the trolling 

 spoon. Large numbers are hatched and distributed by the Washing- 

 ton Fish and Game Commission under the name of "silver trout." 



A few specimens of the sockeye have been taken as far south as 

 the Sacramento River. In Humboldt County, Calif., small runs are 

 said to occur in Mad and Eel Rivers, while 20 sockeyes are reported 

 as having been taken in the Klamath River in the autumn of 1915. 

 Only an occasional specimen appears in the coastal streams of Oregon. 

 The Columbia is the most southern river in which this species is 

 known to run in any considerable numbers, entering the river with 

 the spring run of chinooks. From here south the species is called 

 blueback exclusively. A considerable run enters the Quinault River, 

 Wash., and there is also a small run in Ozette Lake, just south of 

 Cape Flattery. 



In the Puget Sound region, whore it is known as the sockeye, 

 this species ascends only the Skagit River in commercial numbers, 

 although a small run appears in the Lake Washington system of 

 lakes and, possibly, in tne Snohomish, Stillaguamish, and Nooksack 

 Rivers. 



At one time the greatest of all the sockeye streams was the Fraser 

 River, British Columbia, a stream famous from very early days for 

 its enormous runs of this species, a peculiar feature of which is that 

 there is a marked f|uadrennial periodicity in the run. The maximum 

 run occurs the year following leap year, the minimum on the year 

 following that. The greater part of the catch of the Pu^et vSound 

 fishermen is made from this run as it is passing through Washington 

 waters on its way to the Fraser. The fish strike in during July and 

 August on the southwest coast of Vancouver Island, ap|)iir('ntly coming 

 from the open sea to the northwest. They pass through the Straits 

 of Juan de Fuca, Rosario, and Georgia, spending considerable time 

 in the passage and about the mouth of the river. Small numbers 

 run as early as May and as late as October, but the main body enters 

 about the first week in August. 



The sockeye occurs in most of the coastal streams of British 

 Columbia, and is usually the most abundant species. The princij)al 

 streams frequented are the Skcena, Rivers Inlet, Nass, Lowe Inlet, 

 Dean Channel, Namu Harbor, Bella Coola, Smith Inlet, Alert Bay, 

 and Albemi Canal. 



In Alaska, where this fish is generally known as the red salmon, 

 it is abundant and runs in great immbers in all suitable streams, 

 of which the following are the most important: In southeast Alaska, 

 Boca de Quadra, Naha, Yes Bay, Thorne Bay, Karta Bay, NowisUay, 

 Peter Johnson, Hessa, Hetta, Hunter iiay, Klawak, lied fish Bay, 

 Stikine, Taku, Chilkoot, Chilkat, Alsek, Situk, Ankow, etc.; in 

 central Alaska, Copper, Knik, Kcnai, Susitna, Afogiiak, Karluk, 

 Alitak, Chignik; and in the Bristol Bay region, the Ugashik, I'gaguk, 

 Naknek, Kvichak, Nushagak, and VVood. It is also supposed to 



