24 U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 



suited CO the waters proposed to be stocked. However, some crus- 

 taceans, with reasonable care, may be shipped long distances. 



Cheney (1892) stated that he had successfully transplanted 

 " shrimp " in trout streams with the best of results, but had never 

 tried them in ponds. Castalia Stream in Ohio was stocked with fish 

 food by transplanting mosses and water weeds with accompanying in- 

 sect and crustacean forms of life from Caledonia Creek in New 

 York. When a can of this material was opened it sw^armed to such 

 an extent with these organisms that Prof. J. A. Lintner could not 

 believe that it was a fair representative of the fauna of the creek. 



That prawns can be transplanted has already been indicated by 

 Worth (1908). Formerly Caledonia shrimp were quite extensively 

 transplanted, with alleged success, into various lakes as well as 

 streams. If it is possible to raise crustaceans of any kind in quan- 

 tities to feed a large number of fish in fish-cultural establishments 

 it should be possible to raise them on a scale to provide initial or 

 occasional supplies for brooks, ponds, and lakes, particularly by State 

 commissioners. However, as in the case of fish, the adaptibility of 

 the crustacean to the water which it is proposed to stock should be 

 ascertained. 



As an example of stocking water with nonindigenous fish food, 

 Cheney (1892) cited a lake 36 miles long and from 1 to 2^ miles wide 

 in the State of New York that in 1878 was planted with 18,000 cray- 

 fish. The introduction was said to have been made in two or three 

 streams at one end of the lake, with the result that in the several 

 years past the crayfish occurred in abundance from one end to the 

 other of this 36 miles of water. 



METHODS OF OBTAINING STOCK OF CRUSTACEANS. 



The only methods that have been suggested and the only ones that 

 seem necessary for any kinds of the smaller crustaceans are fine 

 meshed dip nets or small fine meshed seines. Seal stated that a 

 breeding stock could be collected with comparative ease in stagnant 

 and still waters almost anywhere, especially amongst water cress and 

 other aquatic plants or masses of dead leaves. A cheesecloth net and 

 a bucket would suffice for a collecting outfit, using the net amongst 

 the plants and leaves, and depositing the crustaceans, as taken, in 

 the bucket of water. These could then be transferred to a small 

 pond, wood or concrete trench, in which aquatic plants had been 

 thickly planted. He stated that enough food to raise one yearling 

 trout could be produced within the limits of 1 cubic foot of water. 



Muntadas (1887) secured enough "shrimp" from near-by natural 

 Avaters to feed his trout, of which he stated that his basins contained 

 thousands. The shrimps were gathered by means of a small net 

 " attached to the end of a stick." The men who collected the crus- 

 taceans for him said that the supply was unlimited, " the more they 

 took, the more there seemed to be. 



Worth (1908) found it easy to catch prawn by means of a small 

 hand net operated from the shore or from a small boat, and by the 

 use of a small seine. He stated that 1,000 were gathered in 30 

 minutes at the rate of 900 per square rod, and with a 10-foot seine 

 he collected 1,250 in three hauls. 



