36 U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 



fingerling stage. The moderately even cold weather prevailing 

 throughout the winter kept the water temperature at a low point, 

 retarding development and growth of the fish and probably lowering 

 the average size of the salmon liberated as compared with last year's 

 output. Ej^ed eggs to the number of 6,650,000 were transferred to 

 the Clackamas station and to Big White Salmon and Upper Clacka- 

 mas substations, and 1,400,000 were furnished to the Oregon and 

 Montana State fisheries departments. 



Excavations made in advance of the season for four large race 

 ways on the flat at the west of the lower hatchery proved so emi- 

 nently suited to the work of holding 3'^oung salmon tlrat a plan 

 for replacing the entire pond system by roughly excavated raceways 

 is now being considered. During the season the fish in the station 

 inclosure were closely inspected by one of the most expert buyers on 

 the Columbia Eiver, who pronounced them spring-run chinooks 

 and not fall fish. 



BIG WHITE SALMON (WASH.) SUBSTATION. 



During the spawning season, extending from September 3 to 

 October 12, 12,025,000 chinook-salmon eggs were taken, 8,000,000 of 

 them being secured from fish entering Spring Creek fishway. The 

 establishment of this excellent run of salmon in Spring Creek, which 

 shows an annual increase, is of interest since that tributary was not 

 a natural salmon stream, the present runs being the result of finger- 

 ling fish introduced therein from the Big White Salmon hatchery. 

 This stream is of further interest, since it is affording a convenient 

 source of salmon eggs for the hatchery. The Big White Salmon is 

 a difficult stream in which to conduct operations, being deep and 

 swift and offering every chance for fish to evade the seines. During 

 the winter of 1921-22 the fishway in Spring Creek was extended, 

 making it less difficult for the fish to enter. 



Departing from the usual custom of stripping at the fishing 

 grounds the salmon taken in the Big White Salmon River, such fish 

 during the past season were killed at the trap and hauled to the 

 hatchery before taking tlie eggs. By this means the transfer of 

 eggs down the Columbia River in skiffs, with the consequent heavy 

 losses during the heavy seas often prevailing, is obviated. 



Through the transfer of eyed eggs from the Little T\^iite Salmon 

 substation the stock was increased to 15,625,000, which were hatched 

 with merely nominal losses. The resulting fi*y were placed in Spring 

 and Hatchery Creeks and fed until they Avere from 2 to 3 inches in 

 length. This is the firet season that Hatchery Creek has been so 

 utilized. The results were such as to warrant a continuance of this 

 method of feeding. 



ROGUE KIVER (C)REG.) SUBSTATION. 



Much difficulty was experienced in connection with the installa- 

 tion of racks at this point, the equipment being carried away twice 

 by freshets from melting snows during the early summer. The work 

 of replacing them for the third time was completed on August 12, 

 on which date fishing and spawning operations were undertaken and 



