64 PROTO-BATHYSPHERES 



sures of the rocks, for mollusks, sea-worms, zoophytes, 

 and other marine animals, and frequently remained walk- 

 ing about on the bottom for more than half an hour." 



Diving helmets and diving suits, as we have seen, were 

 used for moderate depths in former days, but any account 

 of the evolution of suits or cylinders or closed bells in- 

 tended for penetration into the real depths of the sea 

 would be merely the detailing of intricate designs and 

 patents of instruments of every conceivable form, ninety- 

 nine per cent of which have never been made or at the 

 most more than wetted in a tank and none of which have 

 been tried out for more than a few hundred feet. 



Windows seemed to be the greatest difficulty. Some in- 

 ventors naYvely omitted them altogether, the satisfaction 

 of the diver, in reaching a great depth being, in his closed 

 cell, wholly cerebral. A Mr. Joyce in 1893, lacking faith 

 in being liberated by his friends, devised an inner screw 

 so that the imprisoned observer could liberate himself, pre- 

 sumably when he again reached the surface. 



In 1902 an appropriately named experimenter, I. H. 

 Hazard, proposed a deep-sea chamber of spherical form — 

 "to be made of a transparent material." He does not make 

 a point of glass and in this I think he was, in a way, wise. 



All races contribute to the fascinating problem. There 

 is Yoshio Matsumara, who mentions his loyalty to the 

 Emperor and gives his address in full. It is at Hori Kiri, 

 Miami-Karendikar-Gun, near Tokio, and there he schemed 

 out a veritable steel dwelling house with several rooms for 



