374 U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES 



shellfish meals; effect of fish meal feeding; on milk production, on 

 butterfat content of milk, on egg production, on slaughter records 

 of SAvine. and on odor of milk, eggs, and meat; effect of fish meals 

 high in salt content on farm animals ; palatability of fish meals ; 

 digestibility of fish meals; and amounts of fish meals which should 

 be fed in the rations of various animals. 



SUPERIORITY OF FISH MEALS 0%^R OTHER FEED CONCENTRATES 



In surveying the literature in this field, the reader will find that 

 there are 21 references - which report that fish meal gave better 

 results and more economical gains in feeding farm animals than did 

 tankage or meat meal, whereas there are only 3 references^ which 

 reported the superiority of tankage or meat meal over fish meal in 

 this respect. There are 6 references* reporting these feeds on an 

 equal basis. Four references -' stated that fish meal gave better feed- 

 ing results than cottonseed meal ; 3 references ° reported superiority 

 of fish meal over soybean meal ; 2 ' showed fish meal to be better than 

 peanut feed or peanut cake; 2® indicated better returns from fish 

 meal than those obtained from linseed meal; 1^ reported fish meal 

 superior to alfalfa meal ; 1 " obtained greater gains with fish meal 

 than with a basal ration of bran and middling; 1^^ said fish meal 

 was better than decorticated cotton cake; 1^- reported fish meal as 

 superior to coconut meal ; 1 ^^ stated fish meal's superiority over 

 corn meal ; 1 ^* reported greater gains with fish meal than with oat 

 meal ; 1 ^^ obtained more economical gains with fish meal than with 

 buttermilk or with condensed milk ; and 1 reference ^° said fish meal 

 and soybean meal were about equal in feeding value. One inves- 

 tigator " said that fish meal gave better results than any available 

 vegetable protein concentrates unless the vegetable proteins were 

 supi)lementod with minerals, in which case they were about equal in 

 feeding value. 



Rosenfeld (190G) reported that fish was equal to beef as a source 

 of energy in the diet and that eating fish caused a secretion of less 

 uric acid than was the case in eating meat. 



Morgan (1914) said that fish meal Avas being extensively used in 

 Germany as a supplementary feed for cattle, hogs, and poidtry. 



Mvleeman, 1910; Martinoli, 1914; Ashbrook, 1917; Weaver, 1920; Haokodorn, 1922; 

 Hostetler, 1922; Scott, 1924; Straight, 1923; Blair, 1923; Scott, 1925; Godboy and 

 Durant, 192G ; Kaupp and Doarstyne, 1926 ; Edwards, 1929 ; Now Jersey Station Report, 

 1928 ; Manning, 1929d ; riackedom and Sotola, 1922 ; Henry and Morrison, 1923 ; Evvard, 

 1929, 1930, 1930a ; Fecdstuffs, 1930. 



3 Kaupp, 1927; Teniploton. 1927; Clayton, 1927. 



* Kaupp, 1924, 1925; Helyar, 1925, 1926; Kaupp and Dearstyno, 1926; Livesay and 

 Stillwell, 1928. 



s Weber, 1916; Woodward, Converse, Ilalc, and McNulty, 1924; Scott, 1927; Clayton, 

 1927. 



« Kuffner and Curtis, 1925 ; Ellington and Knott, 1928 ; Robertson and Baskett, 1929. 



' Paterson, 1920; Woodward, Converse, Ilalo, and McNulty, 1924. 



8 Scott, 1924; Hackedorn and Sotola, 1922. 



•Scott, 1927. 



'oCrowther, 1910. 



" Paterson, 1920. 



"Hackedorn and Sotola. 1922. 



13 Green and Richardson. 1924. 



^* Green and Richardson, 1924. 



'^ Kaupp and Dearstvne, 1926. 



"Ellington :ind Knott, 1928. 



^' Davidson, 1928. 



