PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES 443 



ceeding years. Much (lissutisfaction liad hecii oxijrcsscd by fho 

 natives over the operation of this and oth(>r industrial |)laiits on the 

 ishmd, and linaliy the Federal authoiities took possession of prac- 

 tically everything, as guardian of the natives, and early in 1916 

 leased the cannery to P. E. Harris & Co., of Seattle, the understand- 

 ing being that they were to employ natives when available. Unfor- 

 tunately the plant burned down on May 17, just before the fishing 

 season began. In 1918 the Annette Island Packing Co. built and 

 operated a cannery here and has continued to do so to date. 



For the purpose of assisting the natives of Annette Island in 

 operating this cannery the President in 1916 issued a proclamation 

 making a fishery reserve of the island and among other things pro- 

 vided that — 



the waters within 3,000 feet from the shore lines at mean low tide of Annette 

 Island, Ham Island, Walker Island, Lewis Island, Spire Island, Hemlock Island, 

 and adjacent rocks and islets, located within the area segregated by the broken 

 line upon the diagram hereto attached, and made a part of the proclamation, 

 also the bays of said islands, rocks, and islets are hereby reserved for the benefit 

 of the Metlakahtlans and such other Alaskan natives as have joined them or may 

 join them in residence on these islands, to be used by them under the general 

 fisheries laws and regulations of the United States as administered by the Secre- 

 tary of Commerce. 



One white trap-net owner refused to remove his trap from the 

 waters in question, and when decision was rendered against him in 

 the lower court, carried the case to the United States Supreme Court, 

 which, in December, 1918, upheld the right of the President to grant 

 exclusive fishing rights in public waters. 



James Miller operated a saltery on Burroughs Bay, on Behm 

 Canal, in 1886 and 1887. In 1888 Andrew and Benjamin Young, 

 of Astoria, Oreg., built a cannery here and operated it under the 

 name of the Cape Lees Pacldng Co. in 1888, 1889, and 1890. It 

 was closed in 1891 and 1892. In 1893 it became a part of the Alaska 

 Packers Association, and was dismantled the following year. 



About 1888 a saltery was established on Thorne Bay, Prince of 

 Wales Island. The following year it was sold to the Loring cannery. 

 In 1892 it was sold to Robert Bell, who moved it to the upper end of 

 the northwest arm, on the western shore. Salting was not carried 

 on each season, as it was sometimes found to be more profitable to 

 sell the fish fresh to the canneries. The plant was finally abandoned. 



In 1889 Messrs. Sanborn and Ellmore, of Astoria, built a cannery 

 in Pavlof Harbor, Freshwater Bay, on the eastern side of Chichagof 

 Island, and operated it under the name of the Astoria & Alaska 

 Pacldng Co. It made a pack that year and in the spring of 1890 

 was moved to Point Ellis, on the eastern side of Kuiu Island, packing 

 that year and also in 1891. It was burned in May, 1892. Only one 

 building was left standing, and it and the site were purchased by 

 John H. Mantle, of Wrangell, who operated a saltery on each arm of 

 the bay. Mr. Mantle began operations here in 1893. 



In 1889 the Baranof Packing Co. built and first operated a can- 

 nery at the Redoubt, about 12 miles below Sitka. It was also oper- 

 ated in 1890 and then moved to Redfish Bay, on the western coast 

 of Baranof Island. It made its first pack here in 1891 and was then 

 operated every year until 1898, when it was sold to the Alaska 

 Packers Association and dismantled. 



In 1889 the Thlinket Packing Co., organized at Portland, Oreg., 

 built a cannery at Point Gerard, on the mainland opposite Point 



