PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES 661 



Snake River, for steelhead, but met with poor success. Snake 

 River was worked again in 1902 at the foot of Morton Island, which 

 is situated 2 miles above Ontario, in Malheur County. Title to the 

 necessary property was secured from the War Department in 1903 

 and permanent buildings were erected. It was closed for some years 

 and finally abandoned in 1911. 



In 1901 the State of Oregon established an experimental hatchery 

 in Wallowa County, on the Grande Ronde River, at the mouth of a 

 small tributary called the Wenaha River, which enters the main 

 stream about 50 miles from its mouth. A permanent station w^as 

 established in the canyon about 1}/^ miles below the Wallowa bridge 

 on the Wallowa River, a tributary of the Grande Ronde River, in 

 1903. This was transferred to Enterjirise in 1921. 



In 1902 the State of Oregon erected a permanent plant on Salmon 

 River at its junction with Boulder Creek. This plant was closed in 

 1911. 



In the same year the State established an experimental station on 

 the McKenzie River, a tributary of the Willamette River, about one- 

 half mile above Vidapost office. This experimental work was resumed 

 in 1905 at a point 2 miles below Gate Creek. The hatchery 

 was permanently established at a spot about 30 miles from Eugene 

 and near the town of Leaburg a year or two later. The plant has 

 since been enlarged by the construction of rearing ponds. 



In 1903 a hatchery was built by the State of Oregon on the Snake 

 River near the town of Ontario, in eastern Oregon. 



In 1906 an experimental station was established by the State on 

 Breitenbush Creek, a short distance above its junction with the 

 Santiam River, a tributary of the Willamette River, but the plant 

 was destroyed, very shortly after its establishment, by a forest fire. 

 An experimental station was reestablished here in 1909, but a heavy 

 freshet raised the river so high that the penned fish escaped around 

 the rack. 



In 1909 the State of Oregon built at Bonneville, on Tanner Creek, 

 a tributary of the Columbia River, a large central hatchery capable 

 of handling 60,000,000 eggs, it being the intention of the State to 

 hatch at this plant the eggs collected at other stations. 



In the same year a temporary hatchery was located on the Santiam 

 River by the State of Oregon, and an additional plant was placed 

 at South Santiam in 1923. 



During 1910 the State of Oregon received 1,500,000 red salmon 

 eggs from the Yes Bay (Alaska) hatchery of the United States Bureau 

 of Fisheries, and in a number of succeeding years they have received 

 a consignment from the same source, as will be noted in the statistical 

 tables. These were hatched out in the Bonneville hatchery and 

 planted in the Columbia River. 



The State of Oregon built a hatchery on the Klaskanine River, a 

 tributary of Youngs River, near Olney, in Clatsop County, in 1911. 

 In the same year an eyeing station for spring chinooks was opened by 

 the State on the Willamette River, near Lowell. 



Additional construction consisted of an egg-collecting station 

 located on the Willamette at Reserve, and a hatchery at Oakridge, 

 both created in 1914. Hatcheries located at Ontario and on the 

 Salmon River in 1903 were abandoned in 1909 and 1910. 



The first entrance of Washington (then a Territory) into fish- 

 cultural operations was in 1879, when the State fish commissioner 



