PACIFIC SALMON FISHERIES 677 



in length and is the outlet of a small lake. Finding the location 

 unsuitable, Captain Callbreath removed the hatchery m 1893 to the 

 northern side of the lake, about three-eighths of a mile from the head 

 of the outlet, where it still stands. The owner's intention was to 

 build up a stream which had a small natural run of red salmon until 

 it had a large run, with the hope that the Government would then 

 give him the exclusive right to take these fish from the stream for 

 commercial purposes. The experiment was kept up until the end of 

 the season of 1905, when Captain Callbrcath's failing eyesight com- 

 pelled the cessation of the actual hatching. Until 1910 a man was 

 stationed on the stream during the run of spawning fish for the pur- 

 pose of lifting them over the dam, so that they could reach the 

 spawning beds at the head of the lake, and the project was abandoned 

 entirely shortly thereafter. The owner's expectation of a big run as 

 a result of hatching operations was never realized. 



In 1896 the Baranof Pacldng Co., wliich operated a cannery on 

 Redfish Bay, on the western coast of Baranof Island, built a sniall 

 hatchery on the lake at the head of Redfish stream. The following 

 winter was so cold that not only the flume but the whole cataract 

 froze solid, and as the hatchery was thus left without water the eggs 

 were put into the lake and left to their fate and the hatchery closed 

 down permanently. 



In 1897 the North Pacific Trading & Packing Co., at Klawak, 

 Prince of Wales Island, established a hatchery near the head of 

 Klawak stream, close to Klawak Lake. In 1898 the plant was moved 

 to the mouth of a small stream entering the lake about halfway up 

 the western shore. This hatchery was operated continuously until 

 the end of 1917, since when it has been shut down. In 1909 the 

 North Alaska Salmon Co. acquired a half interest in it, which it 

 relinquished to the original owners a few years later. 



The Pacific Steam Whaling Co. in 1898 erected a small hatchery 

 on Hetta Lake, on the west side of Prince of Wales Island, which 

 was operated until the close of the hatching season of 1903-4, when 

 the Pacific Packing & Navigation Co., successor to the original 

 owner, went into the hands of a receiver. In 1907 it was reopened 

 by the Northwestern Fisheries Co., which had acquired the interests 

 of the old company, and was operated each season until the summer 

 of 1918, when operations were discontinued. 



Up to 1900 the work of hatching salmon was entirely voluntary 

 on the part of the packers. On May 2 of that year the following 

 regulation was promulgated at the Treasury Department, which at 

 that time had control of the Alaska salmon-inspection service: 



7. Each person, company, or corporation taking salmon in Alaskan waters 

 shall estabUsh and conduct, at or near the fisheries operated by him or them, a 

 suitable artificial propagating plant or hatchery, and shall produce yearly and 

 place in the natiu-al spawning waters of each fishery so operated red-salmon fry 

 in such numbers as shall be equal to at least four times the number of mature fish 

 taken from the said fisheries by or for him or them during the preceding fishing 

 season. The management and operation of such hatcheries shall be subject to 

 such rules and regulations as may hereafter be prescribed by the Secretary of the 

 Treasury. They shall be open for inspection by the authorized official of this 

 department; annual reports shall be made, giving full particulars of the number 

 of male and female salmon stripped, the number of eggs treated, the number and 

 percentage of fish hatched, and all otlier conditions of interest; and there shall be 

 made a sworn yearly statement of the number of fry planted and the exact location 

 where said planting was done. 



