FISHERY INDUSTRIES OF THE UNITED STATES, 19 3 7 449 



Wholesale and manufacturing trade. — ^All persons or firms engaged in 

 the wholesale buymg and selling of fishery products or who produce 

 manufactured fishery products are surveyed under tliis title. Where 

 the business of fishing and wholesaling or manufacturing is combined, 

 that part of the business devoted to either of the latter two phases 

 is included in the wholesale and manufacturing survey and the part 

 devoted to fishing is included in the shore or vessel fisheries. If a 

 wholesale business is conducted with no manufacturing and the 

 business is so small that the full time of one man over the whole year 

 or season is not required, it is then disregarded as a wholesale business. 

 If commodities other than fishery products are handled, the persons 

 engaged, and salaries and w^ages paid, are prorated; and only that 

 part concerned with fishery products is included. If such a firm 

 required less than the full time of one man over the whole year or 

 season and if it does not manufacture, it is not included in the can- 

 vass. Ketail firms that manufacture or whose wholesale business 

 exceeds the retail part are included. Persons or firms engaged in 

 the motortrucking of fishery products are included as wholesalers if 

 they are engaged in wholesale buying and selling. 



Buyers for a central firm are not canvassed as wholesale dealers 

 unless they ship direct to the firm's customers from the buying point. 



Fishermen or fishing concerns, except manufacturers, who do not 

 buy fishery products are not included under this heading except that 

 oyster-shucking firms are included provided shuckers are employed, 

 and irrespective of whether all or part of the oysters used are taken 

 from the firms' privately owned beds. 



Manufacturing concerns include those which prepare packaged 

 fishery products; salted, spiced, smoked, dried, or otherwise cured 

 fishery products; canned fishery products; or fishery byproducts. 



Fishermen who manufacture are surveyed to obtain the number 

 of persons so employed and the volume and value of the products 

 prepared. 



In collecting statistics of manufacturing firms, the agents obtain 

 data on the production for each plant in producing areas of products 

 as marketed by the plant. Such products are usually "final" and 

 in form for consumption; however, the products may be "interme- 

 diate" and require further processing before reaching the consumer 

 markets. An outstanding example of an intermediate product is 

 green-salted groundfish wdiich almost invariably is further processed 

 before final marketing. In reviewing the statistics of manufactured 

 products it should be observed that intermediate products are not 

 shown where they are prepared to the final stage in the original 

 plant. An exception to this rule, however, is in the case of the pro- 

 duction of mild-cured salmon, which, on account of its importance, 

 is shown in its entirety, wdiether further processed in the producing 

 plant or not. In this connection it should also be stated that several 

 of the byproducts for which statistics are show^n may be intermediate, 

 and the plants producing the final products are not surveyed by this 

 Bureau. Outstanding among such products are marine-animal oils, 

 scrap, and meal. 



Statistics of persons engaged in wholesale and manufacturing 

 establishments are reported in three groups: Proprietors, salaried 

 employees, and wage earners. 



