BUREAU OF FISHERIES 93 



conducted on a joint basis with the State. The Bureau assists in the 

 collection of eggs which are incubated at the State hatchery and the 

 distribution records therefore do not figure in the Bureau's summary. 

 The Federal hatchery at Put in Bay hatched over 500 million pike 

 perch during the spring months, however. 



Game species. — Tlie legion of sportsmen throughout the country will 

 be glad to know that the Federal hatchery system provided a larger 

 number of several of the more popular varieties. The fisherman of 

 2 or 3 years hence will benefit by an increase in the distribution of 

 steelhead salmon, rainbow trout, and particularly largemouth and 

 smallmouth black bass. Production of the latter was brought to 

 more than 5I/2 million, w^hich is still inadequate in view of the tre- 

 mendous demand for the premier warm- water game fish. The lesser 

 varieties of pond fish, such as crappie, sunfish, etc., were also dis- 

 tributed in increased numbers. A problem which is intensifying 

 the need for greater hatchery production of game fish is the culmina- 

 tion of several years of effort in the building of artificial lakes for 

 recreation, power, flood control, and water storage. These new poten- 

 tial fishing areas presented a new demand for hatchery stock at a 

 time when production was already insufficient to meet the normal 

 requirements. 



RESCUE OPERATIONS 



In connection with the administration of fisheries matters in the 

 Upper Mississippi Wildlife Refuge, the usual rescue or salvage 

 work was carried on in the sloughs during the late summer and early 

 fall. Forty-three million seven hundred thousand fish were handled. 

 While this was a decline of almost 4 million under the figures of the 

 previous year, it approximates the normal average extent of this 

 work. 



The construction of the 9-foot channel in the Mississij)pi River 

 through this area is affecting the rescue operations to some extent 

 and ultimately will render such work unnecessary or impossible. 

 As heretofore, the great majority of the fish rescued were returned 

 directly to the river. Most of the shipments to other sections are 

 being made from fish specially propagated in controlled ponds 

 located at advantageous points in the refuge. 



FISHEBY INDUSTRIES 

 ECONOMIC AND MARKETING INVESTIGATIONS 



Manual for economic fishery surveys. — A manual was prepared 

 during the year to aid fishery management officials, teachers of eco- 

 nomics, and others in making studies of fishery economics. This con- 

 sists of schedules for obtaining primary market information, instruc- 

 tions for making surveys, sample forms for use in tabulating the 

 data, and instructions for tabulating. 



Survey of fish hatchery foods and feeding practices. — A survey 

 made by the Bureau during the year showed that fish-hatchery 

 operators used 11,455,000 pounds of fish food, v,alued at about 

 $608,000, during 1934. Three-fourths of the volume consisted of 

 such packing-house products as animal livers, hearts, and other ani- 

 mal organs. However, fishery products comprised a large portion of 



