214 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
ander himself wished to ‘have ‘used, for he tells us in his book “ En- 
couragement to Colonies”? that “ my Countrimen would neuer aduen- 
ture in such an Enterprize, vnless it were as there was a New France, 
a New Spaine, and a'New England, that they might likewise haue a 
New Scotland.” That Nova Scotia made its appearance at all is of 
course the result of the fact ‘(purely ‘accidental from this point of 
view), that the original charter was in Latin. Dudley, 1647, has Nova 
Scotia but all of the names on his maps are Latinized. Visscher of 
about 1670 has both forms, while Ogilby of 1670 has Nova Scotia. 
But New Scotland continues to'be the common form, as on Moll and 
others until after 1713 when Nova Scotia appears and soon entirely 
displaces New Scotland. This survival of the'Latin form is, I think, 
without doubt due to the great prominence given to that form in the 
discussions upon the limits of Nova Scotia and Acadia following the 
Treaty of Utrecht. That treaty uses in both the Latin and the English 
copies, exclusively the form Nova Scotia, no doubt because it was 
drafted first in Latin, and then the Latin form was retained in the 
English translation, though not in the French, which has Nouvelle 
Ecosse. No doubt the retention of Nova Scotia in the English trans- 
lation was partly a matter of convenience, but the form must already 
have been familiar to English readers or it would not have been adopt- 
ed. That familiarity was no doubt given through its use in connection 
with the Order of Baronets of Nova Scotia, who were rarely or never 
called Baronets of New Scotland, but usually or always of Nova Scotia, 
no doubt because their individual charters were always in Latin. In 
summary, then, we may say that the original intention was that the 
country should be called New Scotland; that the form Nova Scotia 
owed its origin to the custom of the time of wrting a!l official docu- 
ments in Latin ; that the prominence of the Order of Knights Baronets 
of Nova Scotia made that form fairly familiar so that when the Latin 
Treaty of Utrecht was translated into English it was possible to adopt 
‘ the convenience of using the Latin form ; and that the vigorous dis- 
cussions following this treaty leading to its frequent citation and hence 
the constant use of Nova Scotia for the country, led to the permanent 
abandonment of the English and final adoption of the Latin form. 
As to the extent of country covered by the name Nova Scotia upon 
the maps, Alexander applies it both to peninsula and mainland, but 
after his time all maps, including many of those made in France, 
which use the name Nouvelle Ecosse, apply it to the mainland only, no 
doubt because the peninsula already had its name of Acadia. Indeed 
I have not been able to find any map whatever after Alexander and 

1 Slafter’s ‘‘Alexander,’’ 196. 
