[GANONG ] BOUNDARIES OF NEW BRUNSWICK 231 
nard himself ‘states that his surveyors had gone through from the 
R. des Etchemins to the.Penobscot, some members of Mitchel’s party 
must have ascended the Scoodic and crossed by this route to the Pen- 
obscot. 
We must now examine scmewhat further into the origin of Mitchel’s 
application of the name St. Croix to the Magaguadavic. In the next 
period (in 1796-1798) when a commission was trying to determine the 
true St. Croix, this testimony of Mitchel became of much importance, and 
much was made of it by the American commissioners and much has 
been made of it by American 'writers ever since. In addition to Mit- 
chel’s statement, there is other confirmatory evidence of a similar sort. 
Kilby in his “ Eastport and Passamaquoddy” has given the testimony 
of several persons who were examined by the commissioners in 1797, 
and who swore that the Magaguadavic was the only river known to 
them by the name of St. Croix. Thus (Kilby, 101) John Frost testi- 
fied that he settled at Pleasant Point in 1763 and knew the Indians 
well, and that several of them often and uniformly declared to him 
that the Magaguadavic was the St. Croix, and that he had never heard 
the Scoodic called the St. Croix until after the loyalists settled at St. 
Andrews. Similar testimony was given by William Ricker of Moose 
Island, except that he had resided here only twenty-six years. John 
Boyd, who had lived at Passamaquoddy from 1763 confirms Mitchel’s 
account of the testimony of the Indians (Kilby, 107) as does Israel 
Jones, Mitchel’s deputy (Winslow Ms.). The year before, some of the 
Passamaquoddy Indians had been questioned (not under oath) by the 
English commissioners, and had declared that their tradition was that 
the French had erected a cross at the mouth of the Magaguadavic the 
year before they settled on the island in Scoodic river (Kilby, 114). 
Francis Joseph, an Indian, in 1797, testified under oath to the same 
effect, and that the Magaguadavic had always been known to him as 
the St. Croix (Winslow Ms.) as another Indian had stated the year be- 
fore (Kilby, 115). Among the Winslow papers are other depositions 
by James Nickels, Alexander Nickels, and John Fountain, early fisher- 
men and settlers at Passamaquoddy to the same effect, and some of 
them testify that they never heard the Scoodic called the St. Croix. 
Again, a document of 1795 prepared by the settlers at St. Andrews 
(Kilby, 116) speaks of the Magaguadavic and the Scoodic as the 
lesser and greater St. Croix, though this usage may have been taken 
from Wright’s map, presently to be mentioned. This array of deposi- 
tions and documents would appear to put it beyond doubt that the 
Indians really did in 1764 and subsequently apply the name St. Croix 
to the Magaguadavic and not to the Scoodic, and it is barely possible 
