[Ganona ] BOUNDARIES OF NEW BRUNSWICK 299 
divide the rivers that empty themselves into the river St. Lawrence from 
those which fall into the sea to a point in forty-five degrees of north 
latitude,” ete. These words of the two documents obviously apply to the 
same highlands but describe them in the reverse direction. Thus was 
established the legal southern boundary of Quebec. Taken by them- 
selves there cannot be any doubt as to the highlands here referred to, 
namely they are those forming the watershed between the rivers falling 
into the St. Lawrence river and those falling into the sea as far as such 
highlands extend and thence by some line here undefined to the head of! 
Bay Chaleur. We consider next the legal boundary of Nova Scotia. 
Since this Province, like Massachusetts, formerly extended to the St. 
Lawrence, the Proclamation of 1763 and the Act of 1774 restricted their 
limits by carrying their northern boundary from the St. Lawrence river 
itself to the highlands south of it, for of course the new southern bound- 
ary of Quebec became the northern boundary of Nova Scotia and Massa- 
chusetts. Happily this latter point is not left to inference only, for in 
the very year of the Proclamation (1763), a commission was issued by 
the British Government to Montague Wilmot as Governor of Nova Scotia 
in which the boundaries of that province are given thus: “To the north- 
ward our said Province shall be bounded by the southern boundary of 
our Province of Quebec as far as the western extremity of the Bay des 
Chaleurs,” and on the west by a line across the entrance of the Bay of 
Fundy to the mouth of the River St. Croix, “by the said River to its 
source, and by a line drawn due north from thence to the southern 
boundary of our colony of Quebec.” These boundaries were repeated in 
several later commissions, and formed the legal boundaries of Nova 
Scotia in 1782, and as such must have been known to the negotiators. 
The northern boundary of Nova Scotia and of Massachusetts, then, was 
the line of Highlands separating the rivers flowing into the St. Law- 
rence from those flowing into the sea, while the boundary between the 
two was the due north line from the source of the St. Croix to those 
Highlands. Such then were the legal boundaries in 1782. In order 
to ascertain whether the general understanding agreed with the legal 
rights of the matter, we turn naturally to the maps of the time, i.e., to 
those between 1763 and 1783 ; of these two examples are given herewith 
(Maps Nos. 14, 15), and it is a fact that all other known maps show- 
ing this region published between 1763 and 1783, and some afterwards, 
agree with these, and without exception place the southern boundary of 

+ The reason for this gap I have elsewhere explained (page 220). It was 
due in part at least to the fact that the Restigouche was on all of the maps 
of the time represented as a very short and insignificant river. 
? These commissions, six in number, are all printed in the “ Statement,’’ 
of 1829. 
