350 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
whole subject. Here as elsewhere in this work I am by no means con- 
cerned to make out a case for one side or the other, but I try to present 
the facts impartially upon both sides. 
Following are the reasons why I think that Maine was right and 
New Brunswick wrong in the north-west angle controversy :— 
(1) The original charters, documents, maps, etc., when calmly 
examined by themselves (not as quoted and commented upon by the 
partizan advocates of either side) seem to me to point irresistibly to this 
conclusion. Compare the wording of the Proclamation of 1763 (page 
220), the commissions of 1763, and later (page 223), the act of 1774 
(page 220), the treaty of 1783 (page 241 also 300), and all the maps 
of the time (page 239). 
(2) The principal men of New Brunswick, those whose duty made 
them examine minutely into all the documents of the case, namely, Gov- 
ernor Carleton, Ward Chipman and Edward Winslow, all admitted with- 
out the least question the full American claim (see the letters on pages 
310-313) ; they realized fully the disadvantages of the boundary 
thus allowed, but hoped to remove them by some special arrangement.? 
(3) The New Brunswick Legislature in 1814 admitted the Ameri- 
can claim, and petitioned the British Government to have an alteration 
made in the line at the pending Treaty of Peace ; the British Govern- 
ment in the same year admitted the American claim, at least in part, 
in asking for a cession of territory, to preserve the communication from 
Quebec to New Brunswick (page 314). 
(4) The British claim to the Mars Hill Sante as a boundary did 
not make its appearance until after 1814 ; it was tentatively advanced 
in 1815 (page 322), had not been elaborated in‘1817 (page 319), and 
made its first formal appearance in the controversy in 1821 in the argu- 
ment of Ward Chipman, who, in one of his private letters, speaks of it 
in such a way as to imply that it was being formulated by himself (page 
319). Why, if this was the true boundary, did not Great Britain 
advance it earlier in the controversy ? 
(5) As will be shown later in this paper (under the interprovincial 
boundaries), as soon as the treaty of 1842 was signed, an active dispute 
arose between New Brunswick and Quebec as to their interprovincial 
boundary, and New Brunswick claimed as her northern boundary the 
highlands south of the St. Lawrence ; but since, by the treaty of 1783, 
the western boundary of New Brunswick was the eastern boundary of 
Maine, this was granting the Maine claim. Quebec, on the other hand, 
claimed as a boundary the Mars Hill highlands ; if Great Britain’s 

1 Gray’s Letters from Canada, 1809, written by an Englishman, discusses 
the boundaries, and grants fully the American claim, and suggests a bound- 
ary south of the St. John. 
