374 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
ledge of our limits, or not having lately perused the Acts describing the 
bounds of your province. 
(Baillie's Supplementary Report, 1844 ; Blue-book of 1851, 91.) 
The Surveyor General of Quebec appears to have referred only to 
the region covered by the Seigniory of Madawaska and Temiscouata, but 
a much more extensive claim for Quebec had been made even before the 
province of New Brunswick was erected. Thus in 1783, Nov. 27, Gen- 
eral Haldimand wrote from Quebec to Governor Parr at Halifax :— 
Mercure, the Acadian, who lately parnantnte this Province as a guide to 
Mr. Bliss, having informed me that many of his countrymen wished to 
emigrate into this Province for the sake of enjoying their religion with 
more liberty, and less difficulty in procuring priests, I have thought proper 
to communicate the idea to your Excellency ithat in case you should approve 
of the measure we should mutually assist in taking steps to carry it into 
execution. My plan is to grant them lands at the Great Falls on the River 
St. Johns, which in time may form settlements to extend almost to the 
river St. Lawrence, which will contribute much to facilitate the communica- 
tion so much to be desired between the two Provinces. 
(Winslow Papers, 149.) 
This shows that Governor Haldimand considered the boundary 
between Nova Scotia and Quebec to lie south of Grand Falls, the earli- 
est reference I have been able to find to such a claim. 
In the letter of the Surveyor-General of New Brunswick above 
cited (the very earliest document in the interprovincial boundary con- 
troversy | have been able to find), the New Brunswick position, main- 
tained without variation until the settlement of the question in 1851, is 
clearly set forth, not only as to her perfectly valid claim to a boundary 
on the northern watershed, but as to her equally invalid claim to terri- 
tory west of the due north line. For even granting that New Bruns- 
wick fully supposed the north line should run from the source of the 
Scoodic instead of from the source of the Chiputneticook, it must never- 
theless have been known, as the maps of the time show, that this line 
would run to the eastward of the Madawaska and Lake Temiscouata, 
thus leaving them outside of New Brunswick. No reason for this claim 
to land west of the due north line is here given, or ever was given by 
New Brunswick throughout the entire dispute, aside from her claim 
after 1842 that this region belonged to her because it was outside of 
Quebee and yet British. It is not impossible, however, that Governor 
Carleton expected, as he later stated (page 312) that some alteration 
would be made in the north line to preserve the communication with 
Canada, in which case his claim would help to secure the intermediate 
territory for New Brunswick. 
The next reference I have been able to find to the subject occurs in 
a letter from Lord Dorchester, Governor of Quebec, dated Jan. 3, 1787, 

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