402 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
submitted several (occupying pages 8 to 31 of the Blue-book), which 
do not, however, contain anything essentially new to the controversy.! 
The arbitrators evidently began work immediately, and on April 17, 
1851, they submitted a decision concurred in by Lushington and Twiss, 
with Falconer dissenting. This decision, which is the foundation of 
the present boundary, is as follows :— 
That New Brunswick shall be bounded on the West by the Boundary of 
the United States, as traced by the Commissioners of Boundary under the 
Treaty of Washington, dated August, 1842, from the source of the St. Croix 
to a point near the outlet of Lake Pech-la-wee-kaa-co-nies, or Lake Beau, 
marked A in the accompanying copy of a part of Plan 17 of the survey of 
the boundary under the above treaty ; thence by a straight line connecting 
that point with another point to be determined at the distance of one mile 
due south from the southernmost point of Long Lake ; thence by a straight 
line drawn to the southernmost point of the Fiefs Madawaska and Temis- 
couata, and along the south-eastern boundary of those Fiefs to the south- 
east angle of the same ; thence by a meridianal line northwards till it meets 
a line running east and west, and tangent to the height of land dividing 
the waters flowing into the River Rimouski from those tributary to the St. 
John ; thence along this tangent line eastward until it meets another meri- 
dional line tangent to the height of land, dividing waters flowing into the 
River Rimouski from those flowing into the Restigouche River ; thence along 
this meridional line to the 48th. parallel of Latitude; thence along that 
parallel to the Mistouche River, and thence down the center of the stream 
of that river to the Restigouche, thence down the center of the stream of 
the Restigouche to its mouth in the Bay of Chaleurs, and thence through the 
middle of that Bay to the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, the Islands in the said 
Rivers Mistouche and Restigouche, to the mouth of the latter river at Dal- 
housie being given to New Brunswick. 
We have, &c., 
(Signed) 
STEPHEN LUSHINGTON, 
TRAVERS Twiss. 
(Blue-book, 35.) 
Accompanying this decision are the reasons by Dr. Lushington for 
his opinion. It is a remarkably clear and concise document. It praises 
the report of the commissioners of 1848, and states that he was inclined 
to adopt their line. When the disagreement of the other commissioners 
made it necessary for him to suggest a line, he took that of the commis- 
sioners as a basis, and resolved not to depart from it without good rea- 

1 One of much interest, at page 14, is a petition of Feb. 20, 1846, signed by 
Simon Hebert and 569 others, praying that they be united with Canada and 
not with New Brunswick. But Thomas Baillie reported in 1842 that the Aca- 
dians wished to remain under New Brunswick (Northern Boundary CXII.). 
Another document of Oct. 7, 1850, by J. H. Price, Commissioner of Crown 
Lands, proposed another line on behalf of Canada, namely a direct line from 
the intersection of the N. line with the northern watershed to the head of 
Bay Chaleur, excluding all the seigniorial grants from New Brunswick. 
