444 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
cases in New Brunswick, the boundaries of land grants are run out 
and marked. 
(b) Timber Blocks.—The larger part of New Brunswick consists 
of wilderness land, the property of the government which derives a 
considerable part of its revenue from the sale of timber therefrom. 
To facilitate the leasing of these lands the government has, for many 
years past, been having the timber lands divided into regular areas by 
true north and south lines, forming blocks in some cases three, in 
other cases five miles square. These surveys, which are the chief, and 
aside from traverses of the principal rivers, practically the sole source 
of information as to the topography of ungranted parts of the pro- 
vince, have been gradually extended until they cover nearly the entire 
province. The lines are blazed out upon trees. Some of these blocks, 
with plans for others, are shown upon the Timber Lands Map of 1875, 
but are not on any other published map known to me. 
(c) Fishery and Mining Limits.—By the present laws of the pro- 
vince certain properties are leased for fishing purposes along the 
streams and lakes, and certain areas are upon application, set aside, 
on which individuals may search without interference for minerals. 
Boundaries are assigned with such privileges but they are of a tem- 
porary nature and are not marked out on the ground. 
(d) Electoral, School, Road, Health, Ecclesiastical, Society and similar 
Districts—The province is divided into certain divisions for admini- 
strative purposes in connection with elections, school inspection, ete. 
Such divisions, however, are usually made to correspond with county 
and parish boundaries, and hence are already marked out by existent 
boundaries. The electoral districts are shown in the official electoral 
atlas published by the Dominion Government. Ecclesiastical districts 
correspond more or less accurately to the county and parish lines, as 
do health and road districts. In some societies, however, such as the 
Free Masons, the boundaries are independent of these. 
(e) Physiographic Divisions.—For scientific purposes it is needful 
to have a recognized division of the province into areas convenient for 
scientific study and as natural in their topography as possible. For 
this purpose a division by river basins, corresponding roughly with the 
counties, but bounded by the natural lines of the watersheds has been 
found convenient, and has been used in the detailed description of 
Historic Sites in the preceding monograph of this series. The divi- 
sions are described in more detail, and are mapped in the Bulletin of 
the Natural History Society of New Brunswick, XVIII, 233. 
It is here interesting to note that an earlier division into districts, 
bounded, however, not by watersheds, but by rivers, was used by Thos. 
