SECTION IV., 1901 [ 143 ] Trans. R. S. C. 
XIV.—On Some Geological Correlations in New Brunswick. 
By L. W. Battey, LL.D. 
(Read May 23, 1901.) 
While the geological age of the rock formations found in the 
Province of New Brunswick has in most instances been determined 
upon satisfactory evidence, such as the occurrence of typical fossils, 
or the relations of unfossiliferous strata to those holding organic 
remains, much uncertainty has down to a recent period existed, and 
to some extent still exists, regarding certain large areas. Among these 
are to be included especially the great belts of slates and associated 
rocks, which, with extensive areas of intrusive granite, separate the 
great central coal basin of York, Sunbury, Northumberland and other 
counties, fromthe great northern Silurian tract forming the counties 
of Carleton (in part), Victoria, Madawaska and Restigouche. Recent 
investigations by the writer having thrown important light upon the 
position of the rocks in question, it is proposed to summarize here 
the results of these observations and to offer some suggestions which 
may aid in establishing correlations embracing wider areas. 
The two belts of rocks referred to enter the Province from the 
State of Maine on either side of a granitic tract which, upon the frontier, 
here formed by the chain of the Cheputnecticook lakes, has a breadth 
of about twelve miles ; and in the published reports and maps of the 
geological survey are described, under the name of Cambro-Silurian, 
as extending northeasterly across the Province nearly to the Bay des 
Chaleurs. The limits of each belt are fairly well defined where these 
are met and overlapped by more recent sediments, Silurian in the one 
case and Carboniferous in the other; but, as regards the granite, are so 
penetrated by this as to produce much irregularity of outline, and the 
not infrequent separation of the main sedimentary belts into much 
smaller subordinate belts or isolated patches. 
The grounds for the reference of these slaty and other sedimentary 
rocks to the Cambro-Silurian system were three in number, viz., (1) 
the marked lithological contrasts exhibited by them to the recognized 
fossiliferous Silurian rocks which border the more northerly belt, 
together with evidences of a much greater degree of metamorphism, 
indicating their former burial at more considerable depths; (2) evidences 
of unconformity along the lines of contact with the known Silurian, 
as shown especially by the contributions of the one to the conglomerates 
of the other; and (3) the existence of fossils, first found by Matthew, 
