TERMINOLOGY 2 1 



Air-mra. — Membranous receiitacles, filled with air, in cuHUunnication with the 

 respiratory organs or passages. Pouches ai'e often exaggerated air-saes. 



Alar bar. — A coloured bar across the wing (aht). 



Allantois. — A vascular sack, growing from the hind-gut of the embryo and 

 enclosed by the amnion ; tlie two fuse together and form the Chorion, 

 which lines the egg-shell, and takes upon itself respiratory functions. 



Altrkes or Nidicolae. — Nestlings which, being hatclied in a lieljiless condition, 

 are fed by their ])ai'eiits or inlialiit the nest for a considerable time. 



Amnion. — A membrane wliich grows in the develojjing egg from the ends and 

 sides of the enibryuuic area, and encloses the embryo at an early period. 



Bronchi (p. 13). 



Bronchial syrinx. — One in which outei' tympaniform membranes exist between 

 two or more successive bronchial semi-rings, while an inner tympaniform 

 membrane may also be i^resent. In typical cases the trachea has no 

 sounding membranes. 



ChcKt. — The same as the upper bi'cast or base of fore-neck. 



Chorion. — See Allantois. 



Compressed. — Used of lateral compression as op2iosed to vertical (dejaressed). 



Coverts (tectrices). — Feathers that cover the base of tlie quills (Remiges, oar- 

 feathers) of tlie wing and of the tail (Rectrices, steering- feathers). The 

 wing exhibits several series above and below (greater, median, and lesser). 

 Unless otherwise sj^ecified, " coverts " in the text refer to upper coverts. 



CnhifaU. — See Secondaries. 



Cimeate. — Wedge-shaj^ed. 



Decomposed (p. 3). 



Depressed. — See Compressed. 



Distal. — That end of any ]iart oi' memljer which is furtliest fi'om tlie 

 imaginary centre or axis of tlie body. 



T>i>rs((l. — The upj^er side of the liody ; and hence a2)plied to the correspond- 

 ing surface of any j^art oi' jiarts of the structure. 



Filoplumes. — Filamentous or hair-like feathers. 



Flanks. — The portion of the sides near the leg. 



Graduated^. — Used of the tail when its feathers diminish in length gradually. 



Hackles. — Elongated and jiointed feathers, as on the neck oi' Fowls. 



Hcterodctctylous (p. 10). 



Hijoid Apparatus. — Tlie liony and cartilaginous framework of the tongue. 



Hypoclcidium. — A projecting median process at the junction '(symphysis') of 

 the clavicles. 



Lanceolate. — Used of the tongue and the feathers when pointed and lengthened. 



Lore. — The space between the bill and the eye. 



Mantle. — The feathers of the upper back combined with tlie upjier wing- 

 coverts. 



.V(/ n na Is. - — See Primaries. 



Nidicolae. — See Altrices. 



Nid Ifuyae. — See Praecoces. 



Oil-ylands. — Secretory organs near the root of the tail, probably used in 

 oiling the plumage. Some exhibit tufts of feathers, others are naked. 



Operculum (p. 1 1). 



Ponvprodactyloas (p. 10). 



