PHASIANIDAE 23 1 



and lower surfac'O, wi'th chestnut throat and ubdnnien, of which the 

 former is laterally margined with white ; a white band from the 

 chin to the lores ; and chestnut flanks, barred with black and white. 

 Lophortyx calif amicus, of the same countries, has the head and 

 crest of two club-shaped feathers black, a yellow forehead, olive- 

 grey upper parts, a black throat outlined with wdiite, buff mid- 

 breast, and chestnut belly, each feather of the last two being 

 edged with black. A white band connects the eyes and con- 

 tinues behind them, while white streaks grace the sides and 

 flanks. The female lacks the black and wliite pattern on the 

 head, and has whitish lower parts witli yellow-brown throat. 

 Two other species extend the range to Mexico. Philortyx 

 fasciatus of South Mexico has an oli^'e- brown upper surface, 

 washed with rufous on the crown and the greyer neck and 

 mantle, and barred or blotched with black and buff on the lower 

 back, wings, and tail ; the blackish crest is tipped with red ; the 

 throat and lower parts are white, with a few median spots and 

 pronounced black bars on the chest, sides, and flanks, where the 

 feathers have rusty margins. Evpsychortyo:, crisfatus of Curacao 

 and Aruba has half a dozen conveners, ranoino- through Central and 

 northern South America. It has a buff crest, crown, and throat ; 

 black and white nape and cheeks; reddish -grey upper parts 

 mottled and blotched with black and butt"; and rufous lower sur- 

 face, barred with black, and spotted on the chest, sides, and flanks 

 with wdiite. In the female the black on the head is replaced 

 by buff. Ortyx Virginia mis of the Eastern United States is 

 rufous and grey above with black blotches, the crown is blackish, 

 the sides of the head are transversely striped with black and 

 white, the white throat is margined with black, the lower parts 

 ai-e reddish-white with black chevrons. The hen-bird has a 

 buff throat, and shews little black on the cheeks. This genus 

 contains eight members, often called Colins, which range as far 

 south as Mexico and Cuba. The three species of Cyrtonyx extend 

 from the Southern United States to Guatemala ; they all have full 

 crests, highly-developed wing-coverts, and very short, soft tails. 

 The sides of the head and neck exhibit a peculiar black and white 

 pattern, while those of the body are grey, ocellated with white or 

 varied with chestnut. The females lack the pattern on the head. 

 As an example, C. viontczumae is rufous above, barred with black, 

 and streaked with butt" and white ; the breast being chiefly 



