FRINGILLIDAE 



585 



white plumage, that becomes Itlack and white in summer. The 

 Rose-Finches {Carpodacus) of the Eastern Palaearctic, the Nearctic, 

 and the Indian Eegions exhibit fine crimson or rosy tints ; the 

 Central and South American Pheucticus, and the Western North 

 American Hcsjiervphomt , much black and yellow : the Cardinals 

 (Cardinalis), of North America, Venezuela, and Trinidad, bright 

 red with black forehead and throat : Faroaria, which replaces the 

 last-named genus southwards, somewhat like colours, (rniraca of 

 most of America, except the extreme north and south, is mainly 

 blue ; Cyanospiza cyanea, ranging from the Eastern United States 

 to Panama, is even more ])rilliant ; while the Painted Bunting 

 {C. ciris), of similar range, shews a beautiful combination of blue. 



Fig. 144. — Snow -Bunting. Plecirophenax nivalis, x i. 



red, brown, and yellowish-green. Volatinia of Central and South 

 America is black ; Geospiza, Cnmarhynchus, and Cactornis are 

 the same, or decidedly dull ; Fctronia hrachydactyla and Passer 

 simplex, of the deserts from North Africa to Persia, resemble the 

 sand in tint. The wild Canary {Scrinus canarius) of Madeira, 

 the Azores, and the Canaries — not to be confounded with 

 the Cape Canary (S. canicollis) — is greenish above with brovvn 

 striations, and yellowish l)elow. Finally, many sober-hued North 

 American genera, such as Pipilo, Peucaea, and Jmico, lead up to 

 the brown-streaked Bunting forms. 



The crimson tints exhibited by the adult male Linnet, when 

 in breeding plumage, afford a well-known instance of seasonal 

 change of colour. It is in consequence indifferently called the 

 Red, Brown, or Grey Linnet. 



