13. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 129 



Siboglimim microcephalum, S. buccelliferum, S. robustum and S. frenigerum 

 were found together with yet another species of Siboglinum, still undescribed. 



The pogonophoran faunae of the Yellow Sea and of the South China Sea 

 remain completely unknown. In the Philippine Sea, i.e. in the extensive area 

 of waters lying to the east of the Philippines, Taiwan (Formosa) and Oki- 

 nawa, R.V. Vityaz* made several trial dredgings in different places and 

 nowhere found Pogonophora. Since the Philippine Sea is not one of the 

 typical coastal waters it is very probable that the pogonophoran fauna is here 

 very scanty. In this respect apparently the Philippine Sea is like the open 

 reaches of the Pacific Ocean. 



Several species of Siboglinum (S. vinculatum, S. variablile, S. bogorovi 

 and S. tenue) are found off all the coasts of the North Island of New Zealand. 

 An unknown species of the same genus (to judge by the broken fragments of 

 tubes) was also taken considerably to the south of New Zealand. There have 

 recently been new finds off New Zealand, not yet published. 



The bottom fauna of the deep water trenches of the western parts of the 

 Pacific Ocean is currently the subject of intensive research. Most of the 

 characteristic ultra-abyssal or hadal species of Pogonophora were taken on 

 cruises of R.V. Vitya£ in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, the Japan Trench 

 and the Bougainville Trench. In the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench more than 

 ten species have been found, of which seven have been described. Four species 

 have not been found elsewhere, amongst which Zenkevitchiana longissitna and 

 Spirobrachia beklemishevi are particularly worthy of mention. The Japan 

 Trench has been studied far less thoroughly, but it is worth noting that three 

 species encountered — Lamellisabella johanssoni, Diplobrachia japonica and 

 Heptabrachia subtilis — appear to be endemic. Finally, in the Bougainville 

 Trench were found Cyclobrachia auriculata, representing a new genus, and 

 fragments of tubes of two nondescript species of Siboglinum. 



Successful trawlings made by R.V. Galathea and R.V. Vitya£ in the 

 Philippine, Mariana, Tonga and Kermadec Trenches yielded no Pogono- 

 phora whatever. In all likelihood, however, Pogonophora will be found in 

 the Philippine Trench, since they are a characteristic element of the bottom 

 fauna of nearby continental depths. In the trenches far from continental 

 land-masses, on the contrary (Mariana, Tonga and Kermadec Trenches), 

 it is rather unlikely that any Pogonophora will be found. 



Only a handful of species have been described from the eastern Pacific 

 Ocean. The first to be recorded were Krampolinum galatheae and Lamelli- 

 sabella ivanovi, both from the Gulf of Panama (Kirkegaard, 1956b, 1961). 

 The description of the former species, based only on the tube, is quite 



