LcxAnong] origins of SETTLEMENTS IN NEW BRUNSWICK 43 



by the British. The first new settlers of the period came to the Province 

 in 17G1. 



The locations of these settlements have been descril)e(l and mapped, 

 and the historical evidence bearing on the subject has been discussed, 

 in the earlier Monograph on Historic Sites (pages 320 to 336), and 

 such additional facts as have since been discovered will be found in the 

 Addenda to the present series The principal locations of settlements 

 and land granits are shown in synopsis on the accompanying map (Map 

 No. 7), while the factors determining the distribution there shown are 

 as followsi: 



A. The Historical Factors. 



a. The New England ininiigraliun. The expulsion of the Acadians 

 left their valuable lands wholly vacant, and the Nova Scotia Govern- 

 ment naturally desired to fill them with good settlers. A few disbanded 

 soldiers from the forts located themselves on lands in the vicinity of 

 Fort (Ximberland, and, later, in the present Dorchester and along the 

 Petitcodiac; but to secure an ample influx of desirable immigrants Gov- 

 ernor Lawrence and his advisers wisely turned to those best of coloniz- 

 ers, the people of the American Colonies. But the attempt to start an 

 • emigration to Nova Scotia met with little success until the fall of 

 Quebec assured British rule for all Acadia, and with it the promise of 

 safety from hostile French and Indians. Then, under the influence 

 of that fever for expansion which always follows the ending of a great 

 war, and sttimulated by proclamations of the Nova Scotia Government 

 promising the most liberal conditions as to property, government and 

 religious freedom, a current of emigration began in 1760 from the New 

 England States to Nova Scotia, and continued for ten years or more, 

 sending into that province (then including New Brunswick), several 

 thousands of the best type of Anglo-Saxon pioneers, a race thoroughly 

 siabituatcd to the conditions of life in the new w^orld. Some of these 

 settlers came singly or in small groups in fishing and trading vessels, 

 and thus originated the small settlements of a few families each at 

 Scoodic (St. Stephen), Wilsons Beach (Gampobello), Indian Island, 

 Digdeguash, and elsewhere on Passamaquoddy. In other cases they came 

 as traders, either a compsiiy, which originated Portland, or singly, orig- 

 inatinig MoncTcton and perhaps one or two other small places on, the 

 St. John. But the most important part of this immigration were the 

 associations, composed of many families from the same neighbourhood, 

 who combined to move, along with their household effects, in vessels 

 hired for the purpose, to large tracts or tow^nsliips of land specially laid 

 cut for and gi-anted to them. In this way associations from Khode 



