[ganong] origins of SETLLEMENTS IN NEW BRUNSWICK 47 



about Sackville, to their former homes in the new States, and hence 

 to some loss of the î^ew England population.^ (3) It permitted a system 

 of privateering, through -which the exposed settlements (especially thoss 

 of English and Scotch origin) were greatly hampered and retarded in 

 their growth, as at IliUshorotifjh and elsev/here on the Petitcodiac, at 

 Miramichi, and at various places in the present Nova Scotia (notably Yar- 

 m'outh and Cornwallis), or had to be temporarily abandoned entirely as 

 at Nepisiguit and Bestigouclie. On the other hand it led to a movement 

 of settlers from exposed places to, and a nuirked increase in the settle- 

 ments on the St. John, which was protected from attack partly by its pe- 

 culiar situation above the "falls" on a retired river, and partly by the 

 forts Frederick and Howe at the mouth of the river. Many settlers came 

 from Yarmouth and Cornwallis in the present Xova Scotia, and a few 

 from Passamaquod'dy to the St. John at this time, and settled in or 

 near the settlements already established on that river. The Passama- 

 quoddy settlements were lessi disturbed than the others, no doubt because 

 occupied almost entirely by the New Englanders with whom the pri- 

 vateers had some sympathy. (4) It made necessary the defence of the 

 St. John, esipecially from privateers, and hence re-occupation of Fort 

 Frederick at the mouth of the St. John, and the building of a new fort. 

 Fort Howe (in 1778), while the disturbed conditions made it seem 

 needful to erect a block house fort {Fort Hughes) at the mouth of the 

 Oromocto, which both served as a defence against possiible Indian 

 risings, and to protect the river against a possible invasion by way of 

 the old Oromocto-Magaguadavic Indian portage route. 



f. Fclafions with preceding settlers. The immigrants of this 

 period found in New Brunswick scattered bands of Acadians and of 

 Indians, sullenly siubmissive to British rule. Such hostility as there 

 was from the Indians was sporadic and local, and hardly checked the 

 settlements of the period. The only case of such influence occurs pos- 

 sibly in the location of MaugerviUe, which, according to tradition, was 

 to have been located at St. Annes (Fredericton), had not the Indians 

 forbidden the occupancy of that site. The Acadians showed no active 

 hostility, nor had the new settlers any serious fear of them. Hence 

 the settlements of this period were extended practically without regard 

 to the presence of either Indians or Acadians. 



' This subject is treated, with the names of heads of families which thus 

 returned to the United States, in " Memoir of Col. Jonathan Eddy," by .Joseph 

 W. Porter, Augusta, 1877. 



