76 



ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



about the close of the period, gives separate lists of the inmiigrants 

 from each country. The figures of the countries are as follows: 



County 



Albert 



Carleton 



Charlotte 



Gloucester 



Kent 



Kings 



Northumberland 



Queens 



Restigouche 



St. John 



Sunbury 



Victoria 



Westmorland . . . 

 York 



Thus it appears that the Irish far outnumbered all other immi- 

 granjts taken together, formed 71% of the total immigration, and 

 constituting, in 1851, 14-9% of the total population of the Province. 

 Next after the Irish came the Scotch, only one-sixth as many, then th'a 

 English. The immigration from " other British Possessions " must have 

 been from the neighbouring provinces chiefly, and that from " foreign 

 countries" chiefly from the United States. 



As a rule the immigrants were extremely poor, commonly landing 

 in tlie Province with absolutely no possessions, even their passage in 

 many cases having been paid by Government. It was necessary, there- 

 fore, not only to provide assistance until they could become self support- 

 ing, but to grant them lands upon the easiest possible terms.^ In 1820 the 



^ " In the year 1819 when Lt.-Gov. Geo. Stracy Smythe was at the head of 

 affairs in this Province, there was much distress among the newly arrived 

 immigrants, and a meeting was held in St. John for their relief, at which a sub- 

 scription list was opened and headed by His Excellency with f 100. At Fredericton 

 a similar meeting was held Nov. 30, and a committee appointed to consider and 



