78 KOYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



rents, or purchase money, after wliicli grants were issued to them 

 giving possession of their lands in fee simple.^ 



Presumably the ^Xew Brunswick Government in its elforts to 

 promote immigration, issued many publications during this period, 

 but T have found but a single one — a 15-page octavo, "Hand-book for 

 Emigrants to the Province of New Brunswick," Frcdericton, 1841, which 

 gives in the form of questions and answers, a synopsis of the facts likely 

 10 interest intending immigrants. Three emigration works published by 

 individuals, however, are of considerable importance, Mann's " Emi- 

 grant's Instructor," 1821; Baillie's " Account of New Brunswick," Lon- 

 don, 1832, and an anonymous pamphlet, " Practical Information to 

 Emigrants into New Brunswick," published with MacGregor's British 

 America in 1832, all of which works contain much valuable information 

 about the earlier immigrant settlements. Mann's two works give a very 

 clear picture of the conditions and hardships of an emigrant's life, 

 invaluable to a cleaT" understanding of the history of emigration to New- 

 Brunswick.^ 



But not only did New Brunswick encourage immigration, but ths 

 British Government did likewise. In 1827 Colonel Cockburn was sent 

 to New Brunswick to select 300,000 acres of good and accessible land 

 for settlement by emigrants. He chose large tracts in the interior of 



^ From the foundation of the Province until 1827 lands were granted on 

 tbe payment of certain fees which went to the Lieutenant-Governor and 

 other principal officers of the Government (a table of which is in Fi--iher's 

 Sketches of New Brunswick, 79), and from l6o8 to 1827 a small quit rent, 

 which was to be perpetual, was paid in addition. In 1827 all grant fees 

 were abolished and lands were sold through the Crown land office either by 

 absolute purchase or quit rents for seven years. The quit rents, which h\ 

 1832 were estimated to amount to £2,324 sterling per annum, appear not 

 to have been collected, at least not as a rule. In 1837 His Majesty trans- 

 ferred the entire control of Crown lands to the legislature, since which time 

 most of the changes made in the regulations for the sale of Crown lands 

 have been in the direction of cheapening their cost to the poor settler. (Brief 

 accounts of the different systems of granting Crown lands are in Robb's 

 Agricultural Progress, 1856, 13, and in First Report of the Crown Land De- 

 partment, 1862, 7.) Various minor changes Avere made rendering easier the 

 acquisition of lands by emigrants untdl in 1849 an Act was passed allowing 

 payment to be made in labour on the public roads instead of in cash. The 

 consideration of the settlements thus made, however, belongs rather undc 

 the next period. 



" Dr. Kaymond possesses a MS. hook of versos by Pliilip Kelioe, an emigrant 

 of 1820, giving a vivid account ol" life on an Emigrant Ship. 



A work of groat value on the origin of settlements in this i)oriod is Johnston's 

 Travels in North America (see Bibliography) which gives many references to 

 this subject, and the second edition of his report is almost equally valuable. There 

 is much of importance also in MacGregor's British America. 



