[ganong] origins of SETTLKMENTS IN NEW BRUNSWICK 79 



Albert County and in a line across the heads of the rivers of Kent 

 Count}', and it was under his advice that the road in a direct line from 

 Moncton towards Chatham was laid out and partially built as far as 

 the Kiehibucto. But despite his enthusiastic reports, no settlemeuls 

 appear to have been made on these tracts in this period, and it was 

 not until the native settlements of Ivent expanded to them that th»>y 

 were occupied/ Colonel Cockburn's Jieports, in a British blue-book 

 of 18"?8, are of great interest and give much valuable information, 

 about the country at that time. Presumably many British blue-books 

 on emigration were published during this period, but I have been able 

 to hnd only a single one, namely that published in 1813, and containing 

 some brief references to New Brunswick. One naturally would expect 

 that a collection of all official reports and other papers relating to 

 emigration, which has played so great a part in the peopling of ISTew 

 Brunswick, would be found in the library of the Legislature or in some 

 of the Government offices at Fredericton. But such is not the case. 



The immigrants who arrived in the Province in this period finally 

 settled in either one of four ways. First, they distributed them- 

 selves among the older settlements, either taking up farms in the settled 

 districts or their immediate vicinity, or else they settled in the towns 

 and cities. Thus they aided to consolidate and enlarge both the older 

 settkinents and the towns, and tbe tendency towards the latter is 

 well brought out by the census of 1851, which shows (see the table 

 earlier) that the Irish in particular settled most numerously in the 

 counties an(d parishes having tlic largest towns. Probably the majority 

 of immigrants thus settled in the older settlements. Second, they 

 joined with the native settlers who were expanding into and opening 

 up new lands in various parts of the Province, helping to form new 

 settlements of mixed origin. Third, they proceeded either im- 

 mediately or after some short interval, to blocks of land laid out for 

 them in the wildernicss lands of the Province, there forming those 

 farming settlements of marked nationality so chai-acteristie of Xew 

 Brunswick settlements and a list of which is given below. Fourth, 

 they passed along, either immediately or after some short residence 

 in the Province, to the United States, a procedure which became more 

 and more marked towards tlie end of the period. Further, those 

 settlements, composed of immigrants exclusively, were formed either 

 by considerable numl)ers who came together, usually from a single 

 home locality, or else by constant small accessions extending over 

 several years, new arrivals being stimulated by the reports of the 



^ Cooney in 1S32 spoke very slightingly of this enterprise, which had obviously 

 been a failure (Northern New Brunswick and Gaspé, 152). 



