88 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



Those of Memraincook spread to Bonum Gould, along the ]\Ioncton and 

 Shediac roads, Dorchester Road and Scadouc, and to the North Shore. 

 Early in this period the important settlement of Cape Pelée (Cape 

 Bald) was formed by settlers from Fox Creek, Memramcook and Minu- 

 die, and Konchihouguac (Cormier), St. André and some smaller settle- 

 ments in the vicinity were also formed at this time. The Shediac 

 settlements spread somewhat to the back lands, forming CoJioon and 

 Weisner, those of Cocagne and Buctouche expanded to form Ohio, St. 

 Anthony and White Settlement, those of Buctouche to Pèlerin and 

 St. Mary's, those of Aidouane and Kouchibouguac extended up those 

 rivers and to the uplands between them, those of the north east corner 

 of the province filled up the coast, including Grand Anse, expanded on 

 Shippegan and extended to the uplands, while those of Petit Rocher 

 extended to St. Jerome, Robertville and St. Louise. 



A special phase of native expansion in this period was connected 

 with the throwing open of parts of the great Indian reserves on the 

 Buctouche and Eichibucto in 1822, which lands were rapidly taken up 

 apparently by native settlers, mostly by Acadians on the Buctouche and 

 by other native settlers on the Eichibucto. No doubt the opening of 

 the timber reserves in 1825 was also followed by expansion into those 

 lan'ds, and some peculiarities of settlement in the province may be 

 thus explained, though I have not traced these out.^ Yet another phase 

 of native expansion, or rather of movement of the native population, was 

 determined by the great Miramichi fire of 1825, which sent many settlers 

 from that river to other parts of the Province, notably to Belledune, 

 and probably to Eichibucto and elsewhere. 



Connected with settlement in this period was the speculation in 

 lands, formerly known as the time of the land fever, which culminated 

 about 1835 in the purchase of large blocks, largely by Americans, for 

 lumbering purposes, and for speculation in lands, lumber, and water- 

 privileges. Many of these were subsequently cancelled for default of 

 payment, but others were paid for and held, and thus the large tracts 

 in western York County, held for lumbering purposes, came into pri- 

 vate hands. Later, towards the end of this period, and especially in 

 the next, land speculation became very active and almost a public 

 scandal, greatly to the detriment of the interests of the province.^ 



e. Relations with earlier and neighbouring peoples. This period 

 throughout was a time of profound peace, both internal and external. 

 The older settlers received the ncAver with welcome and both merged 



^The locations of these reserves in 1820 are shown on Bonnor's Map of that 

 year. 



* As fully set forth in a " Report from Select Committee in subject of the 

 Crown Land Department" . . . Fredericton, 1861. 



