[ganong] origins of SETTLEMENTS IN NEW BRUNSWICK 163 



and Smith established a salmon fishery here, and brought out eight 

 Aberdeen fishermen to carry on this fishery. Some of these settled on 

 the site of Campbellton, where also, at Walker's Brook, was a branch 

 of Commodore Walker's trading station of Alston Point. After 1780 

 Henry Lee took up this fishery, brought out additional settlers from 

 Aberdeen, who, joined by a few Loyalists, and by additional Scotch 

 immigrants, after 1796, originated the prosperous settlement of that 

 region. (History somewhat fully given by Herdman, in St. John Sun, 

 in 1883; Hist. Sites, 331; Cooney, 224; Winslow Papers, 355, 501). 



Rexton,— Kt. Until 1901 called Kingston. Founded about 1825 as a ship- 

 building and lumbering centre by John Jardine, later continued by 

 others, originating a prosperous village, a part of the English-speaking 

 population of the Richibucto. (Loc. inf.) 



Riceville, — M. Acadian settlement, est. 1872 under the Free Grants Act and 

 settled by expansion from neighbouring settlements. (Loc. inf.). 



Richard, — Kt. Est. 1890 under the Free Grants Act. 



Richibucto, — Kt. Important Indian (Micmac) reserve, established September 

 9, 1805, with extensive bounds on both sides of the river, but reduced 

 February 25, 1824, to the north side with 5720 (now 2221) acres. Has 

 a large permanent settlement known as Big Cove. (Perley, Ind., 

 CXIII, CXXVII). 



Also an important fortified Micmac village, without doubt pre- 

 historic, on Richibucto Hai'bour, exact position unknown, mentioned by 

 Denys in his " Description Géographique " of 1672. 



Also an early French settlement of 1682. (See Chauffours). 



Also a temporary refugee Acadian settlement in 1760, on a site 

 not known, but probably at the present town, where an early settlement 

 occurred. (Cooney, 134). 



The permanent settlement of this river was begun in 1787 by Sol- 

 omon Powell, a Loyalist from the St. John, who settled at the upper 

 part of the present town of Richibucto. He was accompanied or fol- 

 lowed by his brothers and other Loyalists who settled above him on 

 the river, as well as on the south side near its mouth, where Powell 

 and Pagan established a prosperous trading and shipbuilding establish- 

 ment, long the centre of trade on the river. In the meantime, in 1790, 

 the Acadians founded Richibucto Tillage and Aldouane. Later, more 

 native settlers came to the river, and, after 1818, many Scotch and 

 Irish (especially north of Ireland) immigrants came here, and, with 

 the descendants of the first settlers, extended up the Richibucto and 

 its branches, thus giving an English-speaking population to almost 

 all of the entire valley and the backlands, including nearly all of the 

 present parish of Weldford. In 1822 and 1823 a large part of the 

 Indian reserve, including all that part of the south part of the river, 

 was thrown open for settlement and taken up by these settlers. 



The town of Richibucto (for a time called Liverpool) was established 

 as the shire town of Kent in 1826, laid out in 1829 and, under the stimu- 

 lus of a great lumber trade, grew to a considerable town, reaching 

 its culmination about 1850. 



