166 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



second only to St. John in population and importance, but it has since 

 declined, although within a few years past it is rising into favour as 

 a charming summer resort. Has been the shire town of Charlotte 

 since 17S6. (History by Vroom. in Courier. LXX. LXXVIII, LXXXIII, 

 XCIII, XCIV; special number of Acadiensis, July, 1903; Hist. Sites, 323, 

 340; Winslow Papers, 489). 



St. Annes, — Y. Former considerable Acadian settlement on the site of 

 Fredericton and vicinity, founded probably about 1731 by Acadians from 

 the Peninsula of Nova Scotia, and occupied until it was burnt by the 

 British in 1759, after which its inhabitants appear to have moved far- 

 ther up the river to French Village, Crocks Point, etc., and ultimately, in 

 1785-86, to Madawaska, where they helped to found the Madawaska 

 Settlement. (Hist. Sites, 270). 



St. Annes, — Y. Former small Indian (Maliseet) reserve of 4 acres, established 

 October 29, 1765, by the Nova Scotian Government to include the site 

 of the Indian burial ground, supposed to have stood at or near Gov- 

 ernment House. It appears to have lapsed through neglect. 



St. Anns, — M. Parish est. 1877. Settled first along the St. John about 1787 

 by Acadians from the lower river, with some Canadians from Quebec, 

 forming a part of the Madawaska settlement. Their descendants have 

 expanded to the backlands. 



St. Anns, — G. Apparently an Acadian settlement, an expansion from Bathurst 

 village. (Mention by Johnston, N. A., II, 10, and by Rameau, II, 280). 



St. Aubin, — C. Former small French seigniorial fortified trading post at 

 Passamaquoddy on a site unknown, founded about 1684 by Sieur St. 

 Aubin, and abandoned after its destruction by Church in 1704. (Hist. 

 Sites, 266, 307). 



St. Basil, — M. Indian (Maliseet) reserve of 722 acres, established 1824, and 

 occupied by a small permanent village on an old site earlier called 

 Madawaska. (Perley. Ind., XCVI). 



St. Basil, — M. Parish est. 1850. Settled first along the St. John at the 

 village of St. Basil, about 1786, as a part of the original Madawaska 

 settlement, which has expanded up Green river and to a part of the 

 backlands. 



St. Charles, — G. Early French (Jesuit) Mission, founded in 1634 on Miscou 

 Island, or on the shores of Miscou Harbour on a site unknown; 

 continued to exist until about 1662. (Hist. Sites, 296; history by Dionne, 

 as noted under Miscou). 



St. Charles,— G. Est. 1896 under the Free Grants Act. 

 CVI). 



St. Croix Island, — or Isle de Saincte Croix (in Maine). Important but tem- 

 porary French settlement, formed by de Monts in 1604 on St. Croix 

 (now Dochet) Island, this situation being chosen chiefly for its defensi- 

 bility against Indian attack, as well as for its charming situation and 

 the abundance of fish in the surrounding waters. An abnormally 

 severe winter forced its abandonment in 1605. This settlement marks 

 the beginning of the permanent occupation of North America, north 



