174 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



entirely native expansion, as noted under their respective names. (His- 

 tory of the regiment, by Raymond, in Coll. N.B. Hist. Soc, II, 209; 

 location in Hist. Sites, 343 and Map 46). 



Southesk, — N. Parish est. 1879. Settled first along the lower Miramichi, 

 prior to 1785 by Scotch immigrants, who, joined by native settlers 

 from other sources, have extended gradually some 15 miles up the little 

 Southwest Miramichi. 



Spearville, — Cn. Settled about 1855 by expansion from Nova Scotia, as was 

 also Oak Mountain. (Loc. inf.). 



Springfield, — G. Est. 1880 under the Free Grants Act. 



Springfield, — K. Parish est. 17S6. Settled first along the Belleisle by Loyalists 

 in 1784-85; their descendants have expanded up the Belleisle Creek and 

 to the adjoining backlands, as noted under the respective settlements. 

 Along the northwest border are several immigrant settlements, as 

 noted under their respective names. 



Springfield Settlement, — Y. Native N.B. and N.S. Land Company settlement, 

 formed about 1842 by expansion from Keswick Ridge. (Loc. inf.). 



Springhill, — K. An expansion from Neio Canaan, about 1814. (Loc. inf.). 



Spryhampton, — Q. Large estate on the St. John, in Cambridge, granted in 

 1774 to William Spry and temporarily settled soon after by tenants 

 of his; later escheated and settled by Loyalists. (Hist. Sites, 326, 334). 



Stanley, — Y. Parish est. 1846 (originally est. 1837, repealed 1838, re-established 

 1846). Settled first along the Miramichi Portage road by a temporary 

 military settlement, after 1817, and a few other settlers, and at 

 Camphelltown by native expansion about 1820, but elsewhere entirely 

 by the N.B. and N.S. Land Company, immigrant and native settle- 

 ments, after 1835. The village was founded in 1835 by the N.B. and 

 N.S. Land Company and settled by them as a centre of their operations, 

 mostly by English immigrants; now a prosperous mill village and 

 farming centre. 



(The history of the company and its early operations is fully given 

 in Kendall, Reports I and II on the state and condition of the Province 

 of New Brunswick, with some observations on the Company's tract, 

 London, 1836; and some fine lithograph views of its early condition are 

 shown in "Sketches in New Brunswick," London, 1836; Johnston, 

 Report, 89; Gesner, 166; TVard, 57). 



Steeves Mountain, — W. Early native settlement, founded about 1812 by 

 expansion from the adjoining parts of the Petitcodiac, mostly by 

 descendants of the original Pennsylvania German settlers of Moncton 

 and Hillsborough. (Loc. inf.; Alexander L'Acadie, II, 109; Cockburn, 

 93). 



Stonehaven, — V. Scotch immigrant farming settlement, formed in 1873 on 

 a Free Grants tract, as a part of the Kincardine settlement, by settlers 

 from Stonehaven in Kincardineshire; a prosperous and progressive 

 settlement. (Its history is fully given in much detail in Stevenson's 

 Emigration Reports for 1873-74-75; Lugrin, 82; St. John «S'mh, July 26, 

 September, 1893; History of St. Andrew's Society, St. John, 105). 



