[baii,ey] volcanic ROCKS OF NEW BRUNSWICK 135 



loidal dolerite rock, which in turn repose upon bright red calcareous 

 conglomerates of the Lower Carboniferous, all dipping at low angles. 

 The seams and cracks of the trappean beds at this place are filled 

 with bright red crystalline heulandite. A second type of volcanic 

 accumulations is often to be found connected witlh the basal beds 

 of the formation. This consists mainly of claystones and quartz- 

 porphyries, which are usually of light colour, and have the characteristics 

 of volcanic muds and ash deposits, more or less mingled with ordinary 

 clastic materials, rather than of pure lava flows. They cover consider- 

 able areas, one or two of which may be taken as typical. 



Perhaps the most remarkable example is that of Harvey, York 

 county, where a considerable eminence, known as Cranberry Hill, shows 

 at its base, laid bare by excavations on the line of the C. P. E., a very 

 complete and interesting section. This will be found fully described, 

 with measurements, in the Eeport of Progress of the Geological Survey 

 for 1872-73, p. 184. sTihe most distinctive feature is the alternation 

 of purplish felspathic sandstones with coarse conglomerates or breccias, 

 in which angular fragments of fine red felsite are imbedded in a paste 

 consisting largely of a soft green mineral resembling serpentine, but 

 which, as analyzed by Dr. Harrington, was found to be more nearly 

 related to pyrophyllite. In the same district, but not forming a part 

 of the Cranberry Hill section, are quartz porphyries, claystones, some- 

 times showing tube-like cavities containing calcite or zeolites, and fine 

 sandy or muddy deposits filled with numerous and abrupt corrugations, 

 which may be lines of flow. At Listeras Mills, five miles south-west of 

 Harvey, where felsite breccias are again exposed, these contain veins 

 of purple and green fluorite, both well crystallized. 



A second locality, in which somewhat similar deposits occur, is 

 that of the west shore of the St. John river, opposite Long Island, in 

 Queens county. Here, as in many other places, as described above, 

 the basal beds of the Coal ]\Ieasurcs may be seen to rest upon beds of 

 basic eruptives, such as dolerite or diabase, which are more or less 

 amygdaloidal and contain zeolitic infiltrations; but beneath these are 

 heavy beds of claystones, claystone porphyries, and rhyolites, somewhat 

 variously coloured and intermingled with sandstones and shales. The 

 section also includes beds of gray and reddish limestone, holding remains 

 of brachiopods and orthocerata, which, by the action of the associated 

 eruptives has been changed into an imperfectly crystalline marble. 



Upon the southern coast the most noteworthy exposures of volcanic 

 rocks in connection with Lower Carboniferous strata are to be found 

 in the neighbourhood of Quaco Head, where they are again associated 

 with marine limestones and conglomerates. In no instarce have they 

 been observed to penetrate the overlying strata of the Millstone Grit. 



