204 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



The names of the original counties were given b}^ the king's council 

 and enacted Ijy ro3-al letters patent in May, 1785. It is not remarkable, 

 then, that they express attachment to the crown, as they do, except 

 Westmorland and Xorthxnibeiiand. which seem to have been suggested 

 bj' their nearness to Cumberland, as in England. The parishes were 

 named in 1786 by Governor Carleton, the council and assembly. Of 

 them, several are old township names (see p. 202) ; indeed, most of the 

 townships which had been fairly settled were retained as parishes. 

 Others express attachment to the crown, as Fredericton (named 1785), 

 Kingsclear, Queensbury, Prince William and perhaps Sussex. Others 

 seem to recall the former homes of the loj'alist settlers, as Hampstead, 

 Pennfield, St. Marys, and possibly others. Geographical position 

 apparently determined some of them, as West field, West Isles and 

 Northampton, then the northern parish of York. Near Northampton 

 in England is Woodstock, which possibly suggested the name for the 

 coriti,"-uous parish. Nciccastle and Alnwick are the two chief places in 

 Northumberland, England, whence, doubtless, the names of these two 

 parishes. Lincoln is next to York in England, as in New Brunswick. 

 The reasons for the assemblage of Saints in Charlotte is not obvious, but 

 probably the pre-loyalist St. Andreics suggested the other patrons of the 

 British Isles, St. George and St. Patrick; and to these, in a sort of 

 clumsy joke, others were added. A somewhat similar collection occurs 

 in Prince Edward Island. Others of lesser interest are explained in the 

 dictionary, but to the origin of Wickham, Lancaster, St. Martins we 

 have no clue. 



In general, this period did not greatly enrich our nomenclature. 



6. Tlie Post-Loyalist Period. 



The names of this period ai'e so numerous, so familiar in form, and 

 usually so plain in theii- origin, that no special list of them is necessary. 



The parish names are of much interest, for, given deliberatel}^ as 

 they are, the}- reflect clearly the sentiments of the people during this 

 time. 



From the arrival of the Loyalists in 1783-1784 u]) to about 1810, 

 there was very slow but steady growth in the province, with but little 

 addition from without. The parish names of this time show the loyalist 

 devotion to Great Britain, for they aie mostly those of Englishmen then 

 prominent, as Dorchester, friend of the loyalists, Wellington, Nelson, 

 Chatham, Northesk, Glenelg, Brunswick, while others apjjcar to be given 

 in recollection of English places, as Norton, Greenwich, Hampton, 

 Wakefield. The governor is honoured in Carleton, an administrator of 

 the government in Ljudlow, the .speakei- of the House of Assembly in 



