[gaxong] place-nomenclature OF NEW BRUNSWICK 218 



PAET III. 



A Dictionary of the Place-Xames of New Brunswick. 



In this dictionary I aim to give the history of each place-name of any 

 importance now or formerly in use in New Brunswick. It is difficult to 

 decide what to exclude ; one knows that many details too trivial to seem 

 worth notice now will be of the greatest interest in the future ; but even 

 in a monograph one cannot include eveiything. In place-names there 

 is every gradation from those of countries and great rivers down to those 

 of the tiniest points and rocks, too local to appear even on detailed maps. 

 The rule I have followed is this : every loyalist and earlier name, extinct 

 or extant, known to me is included, but in this century only those of 

 Special prominence. 



In the history of important words there is a constant ^temptation to 

 attempt to refute the errors of other writers and also to give all of the 

 verj^ early known forms and recorded meanings, if for no other reason 

 than to prevent future students from saying that one has overlooked 

 them. Of important names like Aucpaque, Miramichi, etc., one can» 

 collect a dozen forms. I have given only so many of these as seem to 

 me to be necessary to show the true history of the word. The many 

 allusions to place-names in books of travel which are often curious and 

 generally incorrect, are, of course, omitted, as are mere misprints in 

 other works. 



Next to being able to give the exact history of a name, it is import- 

 ant to give its first recorded use, for this is a very long step towards find- 

 ing its origin. In all cases I have given, in the original form, the first 

 use I can find, and it is to be understood that the form given first after 

 the name itself is the oldest known to me. 



The names of authors and of books and maps will be found repeated, 

 with fuller information, at the end of this paper in the bibliography. The 

 word "in" before an author's name refers to a book or manuscript; 

 " on " refers to a map, Roman figures after an author's name refer to his 

 different works as listed in the bibliography. All plans mentioned are in 

 the Crown Land office at Fredericton. 



Where no authority for a statement is given, it is to be understood 

 as resting upon my own. In the Indian names, unless some other 

 authority is given, I have obtained the names from the Indians them- 

 selves, and I have used those obtained by myself wherever possible. The 

 use of different systems of expressing sounds by Rand and others quoted, 

 has made it necessary to reduce them all to one system, which I have 

 done, but have indicated it by (alt.) to show I have had to alter their 

 spelling. Where a statement is given without qualification, it means that 



