64 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
showing in a thin band. These shales are exposed by the erosion of 
the overlying gray sandstones of the mill stone Grit series. 
Though the fragments of ornamental varieties of quartz are so | 
plentiful along this shore, I was disappointed in finding no stone im- 
plements here, nor small flakes such as one is accustomed to see near the 
quarrying ground of an aboriginal people. This is perhaps to be ex- 
plained by the roughness of the shore, as we may suppose that the stone 
was taken away to be worked at leisure in more sheltered places. 
Nearby this locality for the chalcedony, and nearer the outlet of 
Washademoak lake is McDonald’s Point, which for an aboriginal people 
had greater attractions than the rocky shore of Belyea’s Cove. Here 
there is a flat sandy piece of land which would afford a good camping 
ground, with good natural drainage. The point itself projects far 
enough to form a shelter on its lee side from the surf produced by a 
north-east wind, blowing down the lake. The lee side of the point 
also has the advantage of a beach of soft sand on which bark canoes or 
other fragile craft could be drawn up without damage. Whether this 
was or was not the reason why the men of the stone age frequented 
more the lee than the weather side of such points as McDonald’s, there 
can be no question that they did so, for in gathering stone flakes from 
the beaches around these points, both on the Washademoak, the Kenne- 
becasis and the main St. John river, we have invariably found the flakes 
most numerous along the lee side of the point, and on those portions of 
the beach that are. freest of stone. 
A special advantage which McDonald’s Point had over others 
further up the lake, was, that it was near the narrow channels in the 
marshes, which divide Washademoak lake from the St. John river. 
These narrow channels where the fish pass in and out of the lake, would 
be especially favourable to the capture of fish. In the spring especially 
these passages swarm with fish passing up to spawn in the lake, and it 
is not surprising that the locality should attract a nomadic and fishing 
population. The extensive use made of the ornamental varieties of 
quartz at McDonald’s Point, is seen by the proportion of fragments of 
them in the debris left here by the arrow-makers. 
At this place the proportion of mineral material in the stone 
weapons, and flakes collected was :—agate 30, carnelian 31, chalcedony 
(white) 23, gray chalcedony 18, fawn coloured jasper 5, red jasper 4, 
felsite 2, quartz 1. No other locality for stone weapons found in New 
Brunswick shows so great a preponderance of chalcedonic material. 
Some of the less worn fragments show the waxy lustre of freshly broken 
chalcedony, showing that the site was occupied up to a late period ; 
