[MATTHEW] THE STONE AGE IN NEW BRUNSWICK 65 
but the greater number have a polished surface, due to attrition with 
sand and pebbles on the shore. 
To contrast with this, and as showing that the traffic in carnelian 
rock was not through the upper part of the Washademoak valley, one 
may compare the proportion of fragments found at two aboriginal land- 
ing places in the upper, narrower part of the valley where the lake 
narrows into a river. 
At Armstrong’s wharf, Thorntown, a short distance above the 
narrows of the Washademoak, the waste chips of stone picked up on 
the beach were in the following proportions :—felsite 10, quartz 7, 
chalcedony 1, carnelian 1. Some of the felsite fragments are deeply 
weathered as though they had been exposed for a long time. Some of 
the agates are chalcedony at one end and carnelian at the other, pre- 
cisely like a variety very common at McDonald’s Point. The source of 
the felsites may be in the metamorphic hills on the south of the valley, 
but such rocks are found on the southern branches of the Canaan river 
which drains into this valley, and are plentiful at various localities. 
A short distance further up the Washademoak valley is Starkey’s 
wharf. On the beach here the following chipped fragments were 
picked up :—felsite 5, quartz 5, agate 4, chalcedony 1, carnelian 1. 
Three pieces off a block of purple felsite are perfectly fresh, but an 
ovate spearhead of felsite found on this beach has been deeply weathered 
on the exposed side since the misadventure by which it was lost, and in 
consequence the flow-lines of the felsite rock are quite distinct on its 
surface. The carnelian, chalcedony and some of the agates could be 
duplicated at McDonald’s Point and Belyea’s Cove. 
That McDonald’s Point at the outlet of Washademoak lake, was 
the principal working place, is evident from the great abundance of the 
stone chips in the gravel of its beach. Although I culled the shore on 
my first visit, on returning to the place a year later with Dr. W. D. 
Matthew, we found a crop of chips half as heavy as the first one ; these 
had been thrown out from the gravel by the storms of the intervening 
period. 
Though these fragments are now found most abundantly in the 
beach gravel, it does not follow that the ancient fletchers did their work 
on the open beach, it seems more likely that the lake has encroached 
here on the yielding shore and that the sites of the perishable huts or 
wigwams of this people have been swept away and their relique mingled 
with the gravelly and sandy foundation on which they rested. At 
Bocabec in Charlotte county the author found in exploring an aboriginal 
hut bottom there, that the occupant of the hut was accustomed to work 
