[Garry ] DIARY OF NICHOLAS GARRY 101 
passing the Mountain we observed an Indian Mark on a flat rock +. 
This was to show the Indians who followed the Time the Party passed 
this Spot. The half circle represents the horizon, the Line the Sun’s 
Direction when they were at the Spot. The Trees were of a consider- 
able size. I measured a Pine which was 13 Feet in circumference. 
Great variety of Flowers which I had never before seen, but Mr. Mason 
the King’s Botanist who was in the Country in 1818 and who died in 
Montreal* was much disappointed, having found scarcely a flower which 
was not known to him. He was pleased with the variety of Mosses on 
Lake Huron and Lake Superior. It is singular that being constantly 
in woods we have scarcely seen a Bird. The Woodpecker we hear every 
Night but have not seen it. A few Lories and Snipes we met with on 
the Waters. The Flowers are quite without Scent. The Rose is rather 
sweet but the smell quite faint. A Fungus? which grows on the inside 
of the Maple Tree produces an excellent kind of Powder which the 
Indians use to light their Pipes. We then came to the Décharge of the 
Roche Capitaine. Here we had to walk about two miles over a moun- 
tainous Country which had been overrun by Fire, which much facilitated 
our March and had destroyed the Musquitoes. We passed the Encamp- 
ment of an Indian; the Poles of the Tent remained and his Bath or 
Sweating House and Frame to stretch the Beaver. The Bath is a sort 


known as Kinnikinnic, and was chiefly prized by the Indians for smoking, although 
in those parts of the country where it was not found they used for the same purpose 
the bark and leaves of several other plants.” Messrs. Britton and Brown in the 
Flora of N. States and Canada, also give Cornus Amomum (syn. sericea) as Kinni- 
kinnic. 
Dr. Macoun, however, in his Catalogue of Canadian Plants, pt. 1, p. 191, gives 
Cornus stolonifera, Michaux, as the western Kinnikinnik, or Red Osier Dogwood, 
the osier rouge of Michaux. F1. Am. Bor. (1803), I., 92. Also see Macoun’s Mani- 
toba and Great N. West (Guelph, 1882), p. 189. ‘ The mixture so made is called by 
the Indians Harouge.” 
J. Carver, in Travels through N. America in 1766-8 (London, 1781), p. 31, refers 
to ‘‘a kind of willow, termed by the French, bois rouge ; in English, red wood,” of 
which the bark is at first scarlet, and as it grows older changes to a mixture of gray 
andred. It is ‘‘mixed by the Indians with their tobacco.” Can this be the osier 
rouge of Michaux, as above ? 
1 “Mr. Mason, the king’s botanist, who was in the country in 1818 and who died 
in Montreal.” In spite of the great discrepancy of dates, I venture to think that 
this refers to Francis Masson, born in 1741, and died at Montreal in Dec., 1805, or 
Jan., 1806. The date is given clearly in the diary as 1818, but it may be a slip of the 
pen. Masson was the king’s botanist, and the first collector sent out from Kew. 
He was in New York and Montreal in 1798, after collecting at the Cape and the 
Canaries. A most interesting man. For further details of him and his work see 
Britten and Boulger’s Biographical Dict. of English and Irish Botanists (London, 
1893), and the Journal of Botany, 1884, pp. 114 and 144. 
? A sort of Polyporus, akin to British touchwood, probably P. fomentarius, Fr... 
Tinder fungus. 
Sec. II., 1900. 7. 
