102 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
of little Tent of Wood over which shrubs are placed to keep out the 
Air. In the middle are red hot Stones on which they pour water and 
every Aperture being closed the Heat occasioned by the Steam becomes 
excessive. This they consider a Remedy for all Complaints particu- 
larly for Rheumatism. It is exactly on the Principle of the Russian 
Bath, the Indian indulging himself in the same Luxury as the Russian 
in jumping from the Bath into the River or rolling himself in the Snow, 
after parboiling. Beautiful Tree called Bois Gris—the Bark the Cana- 
dians smoke.! We observed a small Plant which is called the Mountain 
Tea? and which when infused in the Pot becomes a very pleasant Bever- 
age. It has an aromatic Smell—theTaste is a very pleasant bitter. On 
arriving at the Point where we were to embark we found a Canoe with 
five young Indians, who had brought a Despatch for Mr. McGillivray 
from the Timmiskamain, fine looking young men, copper colored Faces 
very black Hair and greasy which had certainly the effect of keeping off 
the Musquitoes. In that we envied them even their Grease. 
The Utawa runs here at the Foot of the Ridge of Mountains which 
run the whole way from Quebec to Montreal. At nine we embarked 
and after running 15 miles we arrived at the Portage of the Deux 
Riviéres so called from two small streams running here into the Utawa. 
This Portage is about 900 Paces. The Country here assumes a wild 
desolate Appearance; the river here narrows. After paddling about 
half a League we landed at the Décharge of the Trou so named from the 
Rapid falling over deep Holes. The Distance to walk is about 300 
Paces. We found here an immense quantity of Butterflies. A blue 
Butterfly with blue wings the most beautiful I have ever seen. At one 
we embarked intending to ascend the Rapid de Levillier$ The stream 
was so strong and the Water so low that we were obliged to land and 
walk two miles over a mountain covered with Underwood and high 
Trees which was a fatiguing and difficult operation. The Canoe was 
towed up and passed this Rapid and the Matawens* which are both dan- 
gerous. On the Island we saw a Cross denoting the burial Place of a 
Voyageur who had died. At the Extremity of the Mountain we had 
intended dining but the Musquitoes and Sandfly were so dreadful in 
their Attack that we preferred crossing the River and we found an 
agreeable shady spot but melancholy from our being surrounded by 

1 This name I cannot trace anywhere. See note above on the ‘low tree with 
white flowers and red bark.” 
2 Gaultheria procumbens. 
3 In some maps called “l’Eveillé.” In Wyld’s map (london, 1838) this is placed 
to the east of Le Trou. Mackenzie (1801) gives them in the same order as in the 
textes by RER XIVe 
4Matawain or Matawoen rapids. 
