128 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
and flora of these old palæozoic sediments. The city of St. John itself 
has been made classic ground by the numerous important discoveries 
which Dr. Matthew has made and revealed to the world. We have only 
to refer to his numerous articles and valuable papers, published in the 
Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, as well as in the bulletins 
of the Natural History Society of New Brunswick and elsewhere to be 
convinced of the vast amount of work which he has accomplished. 
Above the Lower Ordovician of the St. John district, there is a great 
unconformity, and the succeeding strata which are met with constitute 
the Little River group, and the Mispec group referred in part to the 
Silurian, in part to the Eo-Devonian and Devonian proper. The Little 
River group Dr. Matthew divides into an upper “ Cordaite series” 
underlaid by a lower “‘ Cordaite series,” and below these a “ Dadoxylon 
sandstone.” In these groups, referred in part to the Silurian and in 
part to the Devonian systems by Dr. Matthew, he records the occurrence 
of ferns, snails, insects, myriapods, etc., representing a fauna and flora 
which to the writer's mind in every respect has Carboniferous affinities 
and is more comparable to the flora and fauna of certain rock-formations 
which are met with in Nova Scotia, and about which as well as these in 
the St. John region, there is considerable discussion and difference of 
opinion at present, but which are probably all of Carboniferous age. 
Overlying the Mispee group unconformably, the Carboniferous 
system, as recognized by Dr. Matthew in the district under discussion, 
is represented only by the gray and red sandstones and shales of Darling 
Island, Kennebecasis Island and certain conglomerates along the Kenne- 
becasis River. Amongst the fossil plants recorded by Dr. Matthew 
from this group, which he assigns to the lower Carboniferous, Lepido- 
dendron corrugatum, Dawson, and Aneimites Acadica, Dawson, occur. 
These, in Nova Scotia, are typical of the Horton formation (Eo-carboni- 
ferous) of King’s County and the country adjoining the Basin of 
Minas. 
To the Triassic or Jurassic systems, also referred to as the New 
Red Sandstone Terrane, Dr. Matthew includes the red sandstones and 
conglomerates of Quaco Beach and Gardiner’s Creek, in which leaves of 
gymnosperms and trunks of conifers are reported to have been ob- 
tained. 
The Post-Pliocene system is represented in and about St. John by 
the boulder clay or till deposits laid down during that great period of 
refrigeration, described as “the Great Ice Age.” No fossil remains 
have been detected as yet in the boulder clays of Red Head, ete. 
Modified drift deposits then appear as stratified gravels, clays and 
sands, constituting a more or less incoherent mass of material, known as 

