[amr] GEOLOGY OF SOME CITIES IN EASTERN CANADA 129 
Syrtensian beds, the Leda clay, and the Saxicava or Macoma sand, which 
are of marine origin and succeed one another; being all newer than the 
glacial deposits. 
Among the recent strata Dr. Matthew includes certain alluvial and 
river as well as estuarine and marine muds, lake marls, and peat de- 
posits in which Unionidæ and other molluscs occur, constituting a sheet 
or series of beds such as are met with at Lawlor’s Lake and along the 
dykes and marshes of the vicinity of St. John. 
Among the recent additions to our knowledge of the geology of St. 
John and its surroundings, we must note an interesting paper by Dr. 
Matthew’s son, Dr. W. D. Matthew, of the American Museum of Natural 
History, New York city. This paper is accompanied by a geological 
map which brings to date the latest information available, and deals 
with the older intrusive or volcanics of Pre-cambrian age as well as with 
the newer sediments of palæozoic and post-palæozoic age. 
OTTAWA, ONTARIO. 
The synoptical table of the geological formations about Ottawa 
now presented is but slightly amended and corrected to date from the 
original table prepared in 1889, with a view of ascertaining and pre- 
senting in a graphic manner the succession of the various geological 
formations comprised within a radius of about twenty miles around the 
Capital. (Vide Table No. II, p. 167.) 
It was undertaken at the time when considerable discussion had 
arisen regarding the probable occurrence of petroleum or natural gas in 
this district and at the request of the Director of the Geological Survey 
of Canada—Dr. Selwyn—to prepare a table of the strata occurring to 
the south of our city, giving their probable thickness (previous to any 
boring operations), It was with considerable satisfaction that after 
completing the bore-hole and examining the drillings obtained down to 
a depth of 1,005 ft., the systematic table given beforehand proved to be 
correct even in minute detail. 
The present table is the result of personal observation in this field 
for twenty years, together with information derived from the writings 
of Elkanah Billings, Alexander Murray, Sir Wm. Logan, Sir Wm. 
Dawson and other geologists, who have done much to describe the geolo- 
gical phenomena and structure in the Ottawa Valley. 
There are no less than fourteen distinct geological formations found 
in and about Ottawa, belonging to four distinct eras or systems in the 
chapter of the geological history of the earth. 
