142 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
of the sediments, which in the vicinity of Quebec may be classed under 
the term “ Quebec group.” 
Among the more typical fossil remains to be found are Diplograptus 
foliaceus, and its varieties, D. truncatus, Lapw., D. acutus, Lapw., Cory- 
noides calycularis, Nich., Paterula Amii, Schuchert, Primitia Logan, 
Aparchites mundulus, Polycope sp., described and recorded by Prof. T. 
Rupert Jones, besides examples of Ampya, Aeglina, Bathyurus, Remo- 
pleurides and other trilobites and brachiopoda. This fauna resembles 
very closely that of Llandeilo age in the Girvan succession and other 
parts of Great Britain, also that of Newfoundland Ordovician. 
Besides these there are also the graptolites, Dicranograptus ramosus, 
Hall, Dicellograptus anceps, D. Morrisi, or n. sp., Climacograptus 
scalaris, Diplograptus angustifolius, Glossograptus ciliatus, Emmons, 
Cenograptus extans, besides several species referable to such genera as 
Leptograptus, Callograptus, Dictyograptus and others. 
This fauna is one which can easily be recognized and has been in 
part described and referred to in many reports in the United States 
and Canada in years gone by under the names :—“ Hudson River 
Formation,” “ Utica-Lorraine,” Utica-Trenton, Utica, etc. It has also 
been recognized at numerous localities in the Lower St. Lawrence, south 
cf the great St. Lawrence-Appalachian Fault, which must occur some- 
where in the present channel of the St. Lawrence, between the Island 
of Anticosti and the south shore, and not between the “Utica-Lorraine” 
series of strata and the Levis as has been held by some geologists be- 
tween Anse au Griffon and Little Métis. 
The conditions of sedimentation at the time when the graptolitic 
shales and limestone bands, pseudo-conglomerates and dolomitic bands 
were laid down must have been very similar to the conditions which : 
prevailed when the shales and other strata of the Levis formation were 
themselves being deposited. One prominent and distinguishing feature 
of the shales of the Quebec formation, however, lies in their conspicuous 
bituminous character. 
The thickness of the Quebec formation has not yet been definitely 
ascertained. The strata which form the main mass of the promontory 
on which the citadel and the upper town of Quebec are built occur in 
the form of a synclinal fold or basin. The southern limb of this fold or 
a continuation and repetition of the strata in other portions of the 
Quebec massif as seen in the vicinity of the last two landslides on Cham- 
plain street a little above the Allan Steamship Company’s wharf, is bent 
beyond the perpendicular, and this feature must no doubt have led to 
the cause of this terrible disaster. Wherever the synclinal fold is normal 
and not bent upon itself, all danger from a similar disaster is removed. 
ea 

