200 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
The precise limits or geological horizon of the Quebec formation is 
not yet definitely ascertained, but evidence obtained points to an horizon 
in the Ordovician some parts of which are not far from the lower Tren- 
ton. Some of its strata are older, some newer. 
There is a remarkable similarity between the Ordovician of the 
provinces of Quebec and New Brunswick and the Ordovician of western 
Europe as developed in Great Britain: The Skiddaw and Arenig, the 
Hartfell and Llandeilo formations, being easily recognized in Canada 
and appear to have the same taxonomic relations as in Europe. 
In the south-western portion of the Eastern Townships of Quebec, 
near the head of Lake Champlain, the Quebec group assumes a rather 
different character from its equivalent in the vicinity of Quebec city, so 
that what is probably the equivalent of the Levis graptolitic slates and 
cream-coloured limestone of the latter area, consist of dove-gray lime- 
stones or marbles, at times highly fossiliferous. At Philipsburgh, and 
Bedford, &c., these limestones are superimposed by the black slates 
and limestones of Farnham, at times graptolitic, Similar strata are 
developed in the Lake Memphremagog basin. These constitute a 
succession of stratified rocks in tnis portion of Canada which may be 
termed the Philipsburgh, Bedford, Farnham and Magog formations. The 
former two are akin to the Fort Cassin beds of Vermont, and the last 
to the Norman’s kiln shales of New York State. 
The Laurentian Highlands——Within the area included under this 
term, which comprises the great Labrador and Keewatin arms or sides of 
the Hudson Bay basin, are included several Ordovician outliers of 
greater or less extent. In Ungava Bay, at Akpatok island and at the 
head of Frobisher Bay in Baffin Land rocks of Upper Ordovician age 
were found by Capt. C. F. Hall, Mr. A. P. Low and Dr. Bell. Dr. 
Whiteaves and Dr. Schuchert have recently described the fauna of this 
remote district and refer it to the Trenton formation. 
In the Arctic islands, north of Coronation gulf and the gulf of 
Boothia, rocks of Trenton age, in the Upper Ordovician have also been 
recognized. West of Hudson Bay in the Nicholson Lake and Churchill 
outliers, also forming a belt north, south and west, and also from the 
limestone rapids of the Nelson river, fossiliferous and dolomitic lime- 
stones are extensively developed and characteristic Trenton fossils were 
found by Mr. J. B. Tyrrell. 
In the Lake Temiscaming and Lake Nipissing basins, fossiliferous 
limestones belonging to the Black River division of the Trenton group 
are also known to'occur both in loose masses and in situ respectively. 
These outliers and their fossils have been recently described by Dr. 
A. E. Barlow and the writer. 

