378 Marine Microbiology 



mena species ?) was found associated with skin tumors of 

 a seahorse. Two t\^pes of clones were estabhshed from the 

 original population; one showed selfing and poKanorphism, the 

 other one was non-sexual and had different physiological proper- 

 ties. Axenic media and solid food were used in quantitative 

 growth experiments. Endurance to raised temperatures and to 

 various osmotic pressures were studied. Virus (polio strain Ma- 

 honey) was oflFered via ingestion of infected food cells. The 

 infectivity of the virus was recovered from cells and culture 

 supernates. From the listed data, the conclusion was drawn that 

 parasitic ciliates may be considered as potential vectors of fish 

 viruses. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



We thank Mr. William Clem and Mr. John Perchalski for 

 providing fish tissue cultures for our studies. The Chatton-Lwoff 

 silver line strainmg of our material has been carried out by 

 Margaret Dyssart, Department of Zoology, University of Illinois, 

 to whom we are most grateful. Osmolarity determinations have 

 been done in the Department of Physiology, University of Miami 

 School of Medicine. We tliank Dr. W. Glen Moss for this as- 

 sistance. The aquarist of the Miami Seaquarium, Mr. Edward 

 Nichols, has given us courteous and most helpful cooperation. 



REFERENCES 



1. Clem, L. W., Moewus, L. and Sigel, M. M.: Tissue culture studies 



of cells from marine fish. Fed. Proc, 20:No. 1, Part 1, 149, 1961. 



2. Corliss, J. O.: Tetraliymena chironomi sp. nov., a ciliate from the 



midge lai-vae and the current status of facultative parasitism in the 

 genus Tetrahymena. Parasitology, 50:111-153, 1960. 



3. Frische, J. A.: Experimental adaptation of fresh water ciliates to sea- 



water. Science, 81:537, 1935. 



4. Croupe, V., Hartman, L. C. and Rausch, F. J.: Ingestion and de- 



struction of influenza virus by the free living ciliate Tetrahymena 

 pyriformis. Proc. Soc, 88:479-482, 1955. 



5. Croupe, V. and Pugh, H. L.: Inactivation of Influenza virus and of 



viral Hemagglutinin by the ciliate Tetrahymena. Science, 115:307- 

 308, 1952. 



6. Crutzner, L.: In vitro-Ziichtung des Leber-und Nieren-Cewebes von 



Tinea vulgaris Cuv. (Schleie) in trypsinierten Einschichtgewebekul- 



