Cmaptku II 



PYRIDOXINE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS 



(Vitamin Br, Group) 



Page 



I. NonKMiclaturo 220 



II. Chemistry 222 



A. Isolation 222 



1. Introduction 222 



2. Methods of Isolation 223 



B. Chemical and Physical Properties 224 



1. Chemical Properties 224 



2. Physical Properties 225 



C. Constitution 226 



1. Introduction 226 



2. Proof of Structure 226 



D. Synthesis 229 



E. Specificity 231 



1. General 231 



2. Pyridoxal and I'yridoxamine 231 



III. Industrial Preparation 233 



A. Synthesis 233 



B. Purity Standards 233 



C. U. S. Production 233 



IV. Biochemical Systems 234 



A. General. 234 



B. Amino Acid Decarbo.xylases 234 



C. Transaminases 236 



D. Racemases 238 



E. Tryptophan 238 



F. Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Peptides 239 



V. Specificity of Action 239 



A. Coenzyme Form 239 



B. Formation of the Coenzyme Form 240 



C. Specificity and Mechanism of Action 241 



D. Antagonists 242 



V'l. Biogenesis 242 



VII. Estimation 242 



A. Physical Methods 243 



1. Spectrophotometric 243 



2. Polarographic 244 



B. Chemical Methods 244 



1. Cyanine Dye Test 244 



2. Phthaleins 245 



3. Ferric Chloride Method 245 



219 



