56 



II. FUNDAMENTAL STRUCTURE OF PROTOPLASM 



lysis completion is shown, but as the lysis completes immediately after 

 its commencement, time cited here can be regarded as the time required 

 for the lysis commencement. Therefore, incubating time required for 

 the lysis commencement can be said to become the longer, the lower 

 the saponin concentration. 



Now, consideration will be made as regards the following equation 

 representing the first order reaction: l/t-lna/{a~x)—k, where a is 

 the quantity of reacting substance existing at the outset, and x is the 

 reaction product in the time t; that is, in the case of haemolysis, a is 

 the protoplasm quantity to. be changed and x is the protoplasm amount 

 changed in the time t. 



Since haemolysis is to be completed when aj{a—x) becomes a certain 

 value, this should be constant irrespective of the saponin concentration 

 and hence can be designated as k' , then we have : 

 l/t-lnk' = k or l/i = k/lnk'=K. 



Thus, l/t is shown to be directly proportional to the velocity con- 

 stant. On the other hand, the relation between l/t, or K, and saponin 

 concentration is indicated in Fig. 10, where it is shown that K tends to 

 be a linear function of the saponin concentration. Since K is directly 



0.014 r 



0.007 



K 



0.1 



Fig. 10. Relation between the concentration of saponin (C) and the 

 velocity of hemolytic reaction (K). See Table 5. 



proportional to the velocity constant as just mentioned, this indicates 

 that the velocity constant also tends to be a linear function of the 

 saponin concentration. However, the effect of the saponin concentra- 

 tion becomes the lesser as it becomes the higher as clearly shown in 



