92 II. FUNDAMENTAL STRUCTURE OF PROTOPLASM 



apparently derived from the medium after the infection varies from 

 nearly zero to twice that originally in the bacterial host, depending 

 on the strain of bacteriophage, that is, the bacterial phosphorus com- 

 prises on the average from nealy 100 per cent to about 30 per cent of 

 the total phosphorus in the bacteriophage. It should be emphasized 

 that this difference was attributed to the strain of phage. If a certain 

 strain of phage could render the bacteria utterly non-viable after the 

 infection, 100 per cent of the phage phosphorus would appear to result 

 from the bacterial phosphorus. 



Even if a small portion of phosphorus did appear to come from 

 the medium in an experiment carried out with some bacteria actually 

 reduced non-viable, it would be impossible to conclude that the small 

 portion of the phage nucleoprotein was directly synthesized from the 

 materials present in the medium, because the exchange of the elements 

 or groups between the medium and the cell is considered to be possible 

 without the net synthesis of the protein (110). In the theory of the 

 writer, for the multiplication of a virus, the rearrangement of polar 

 groups in the protoplasm protein so as to correspond to the pattern of 

 the virus is to be raised. This rearrangement should be transmitted 

 in the protoplasm as a wave which may consist in the shift of polar 

 groups, and thus a type of transpeptidation may take place. It is 

 conceivable that the elements or groups in the medium surrounding 

 the cell may come to be involved in such transpeptidation and may 

 be found in the virus particles produced. 



On studying the propagation of poliomyelitis in monkey testicular 

 tissue, Scherer and Syverton (111) have concluded that the amount of 

 virus in the tissue was as much as tenfold greater than that in the 

 liquid of the same cultures, and that viral production was evidently 

 earlier and was detected for a longer period of time in the tissue than 

 in the liquid phase. This should only be a natural result if the virus 

 is produced in the protoplasm ; the virus is to be liberated in the 

 fluid after the protoplasm is decomposed. According to a study by 

 Ackermann and Kunitz (112) on the intracellular distribution of herpes 

 virus in embryonic liver, a significant amount of the virus was found 

 bound to the mitochondria by an intimate attachment and the concept 

 was advanced that these particles function in the development of 

 virus. However, since mictochondria are a sort of granules of proto- 

 plasm with a rigid structure, if the protoplasm is decomposed intc 

 particles after being changed into virus structure, the virus activity 

 should naturally be retained markedly in mitochondria. 



